基于设计思维的企业家发现--一个情报学视角的创新机会发现过程

Entrepreneurial Discovery Based on Design Thinking:An Innovation Opportunity Discovery Process from the Information Science Perspective

创新是经济增长的重要推动力量。而在有关创新的理论中,奥地利学派提出的企业家发现理论有着十分重要的地位。该理论认为,市场永远处于变化之中,永远充满了机会和不确定性,机会的发现需要通过“企业家发现”来实现。企业家发现的核心问题是获得和解读信息的过程。但企业家如何发现信息和解读信息,该理论没有提出具体的操作方法。最近十几年兴起的设计思维方法能补充这方面的缺陷。设计思维方法通过体现在运作流程中的溯因推理、同理心调查、多元化视角、试错和反思等方法为企业家更有效地获得信息、解读信息提供了系统的解决方案。文章从情报学的视角审视设计思维的方法,并在此基础上提出基于设计思维的企业家发现的理论框架。该研究为设计思维提供了情报学理论基础,为企业更有效地创新提供了有意义的参考。

Innovation is an important driving force for economic growth.The entrepreneurial discovery theory of the Austrian school is one of the most influential theories of innovation.According to this theory,the market is always changing and filled with opportunities and uncertainties,and the discovery of opportunities can be achieved through“entrepreneurial discovery”.The core issue of entrepreneurial discovery is the process of acquiring and interpreting information.However,the theory does not propose a specific method for how entrepreneurs discover information and interpret it.The design thinking approach,which has emerged in recent years,can help close the gap.Design thinking approach provides a systematic solution for entrepreneurs to acquire and interpret information more effectively through abductive reasoning,empathy,diverse perspectives,trial and error,and reflection embodied in the operational process.This study analyzes the mechanism of design thinking approach in entrepreneurial discovery from an information science perspective and proposes a framework for entrepreneurial discovery based on design thinking.This study provides an informatics theoretical foundation for design thinking and meaningful references for corporate to innovate more effectively.