绘画艺术疗法对中青年维持性血液透析患者疲乏及睡眠质量的干预效果

Intervention effect of painting art therapy on fatigue and sleep quality in young and middle-aged patients with maintenance hemodialysis

目的探讨绘画艺术疗法在中青年维持性血液透析患者中的应用效果,为开展临床护理提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法,将太和县中医院血液透析室90例接受维持性血液透析的中青年患者按照入组时间分为2组,2018年3月至2019年3月纳入的患者作为对照组,2019年4月至2020年3月纳入的患者作为研究组,每组45例。2组患者均给予常规护理,研究组在此基础上接受4次绘画艺术疗法。在干预前和干预后,采用Piper疲乏修订量表(PFS-R)和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评价干预效果。结果最终纳入对照组44例,研究组43例。干预前,2组各项观察指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,研究组感觉、情绪、认知、行为维度得分及PFS-R总分分别为(3.33±1.02)、(4.47±1.42)、(3.56±0.79)、(3.26±0.76)、(3.65±0.57)分,明显低于对照组的(5.41±1.13)、(6.07±1.37)、(4.95±1.21)、(4.43±0.87)、(5.22±0.51)分,差异有统计学意义(t值为5.14~13.30,均P<0.05);研究组睡眠质量、睡眠时间、睡眠效率因子得分及PSQI总分分别为(0.95±0.20)、(1.71±0.33)、(1.10±0.21)、(9.13±0.60)分,明显低于对照组的(1.13±0.19)、(1.90±0.24)、(1.35±0.31)、(9.90±0.71)分,差异有统计学意义(t值为2.95~5.44,均P<0.05)。结论绘画艺术疗法可有效缓解中青年维持性血液透析患者疲乏症状,提高睡眠质量。

Objective To explore the application effect of painting art therapy in young and middle-aged patients with maintenance hemodialysis,and to provide reference for clinical nursing.Methods Adopted the convenience sampling method to collect 90 young and middle-aged patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in the Hemodialysis Room of Taihe County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.They were divided into two groups according to the time of enrollment.The patients enrolled from March 2018 to March 2019 served as the control group,and the patients enrolled from April 2019 to March 2020 served as the study group.There were 45 cases in each group.Both groups were given routine nursing care,and the study group received 4 times of painting art therapy on this basis.Before and after the intervention,the effects were assessed by the Revised Piper Fatigue Scale(PFS-R)and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).Results Finally,there were 44 cases in the control group and 43 cases in the study group.Before the intervention,there were no significant differences in the observation indicators between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,scores of sensory,emotional,cognition,behavioral demensions and total fatigue scores of PFS-R were(3.33±1.02),(4.47±1.42),(3.56±0.79),(3.26±0.76)and(3.65±0.57)in the study group,significantly lower than those in the control group(5.41±1.13),(6.07±1.37),(4.95±1.21),(4.43±0.87)and(5.22±0.51)(t values were 5.14-13.30,all P<0.05).Scores of sleep quality,sleep duration,sleep efficiency factor score and PSQI total score were(0.95±0.20),(1.71±0.33),(1.10±0.21)and(9.13±0.60)in the study group,which were significantly lower than those in the control group(1.13±0.19),(1.90±0.24),(1.35±0.31)and(9.90±0.71),the differences were statistically significant(t values were 2.95-5.44,all P<0.05).Conclusions Painting art therapy can effectively relieve fatigue symptoms and improve sleep quality in young and middle-aged patients with maintenance hemodialysis.