恶性血液病住院患者主要亲属照顾者预期性悲伤现状及影响因素分析

Current status and influencing factors of anticipatory grief among caregivers of major relatives of hospitalized patients with hematological malignancies

目的调查恶性血液病住院患者主要亲属照顾者预期性悲伤现状并分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样的方法,选取2020年3—11月在南京鼓楼医院血液科住院的208例恶性血液病患者主要亲属照顾者作为研究对象,采用自行设计的一般资料调查表、汉化版预期性悲伤量表、照顾者负担量表和简易应对方式问卷,分析影响恶性血液病住院患者主要亲属照顾者预期性悲伤现状及其影响因素。结果恶性血液病住院患者主要亲属照顾者预期性悲伤总分为79(72,91)分。回归分析显示,恶性血液病住院患者主要亲属照顾者预期性悲伤的主要影响因素为患者治疗阶段、自觉症状严重程度、是否异地就医,主要亲属照顾者的工作状态为无业、与患者的关系为父母、照顾者负担、消极应对方式,解释了83.1%的总变异。结论恶性血液病住院患者主要亲属照顾者预期性悲伤较为严重,建议血液科护士及时发现并评估照顾者的预期性悲伤水平,并根据个体差异性给予相应的干预,以达到改善照顾者身心健康、提高照护质量及促进患者康复的目的。

Objective To investigate the current status of anticipatory grief among caregivers of major relatives of hospitalized patients with hematological malignancies and analyze its influencing factors.Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select 208 primary relatives and caregivers of patients with hematological malignancies who were hospitalized in the Department of Hematology,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from March to November 2020.Self-designed general information questionnaire,Chinese version of Anticipatory Grief Scale,caregiver burden scale and simple coping style questionnaire were used.The current status and influencing factors of anticipatory grief among caregivers of major relatives of hospitalized patients with hematological diseases were also analyzed.Results The expected sadness score of caregivers of major relatives of hospitalized patients with hematological malignancies was 79(72,91).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors of anticipatory grief among caregivers of major relatives of hospitalized patients with hematological malignancies were the stage of treatment,the severity of subjective symptoms,whether to seek medical treatment in other places,the working status of caregivers of major relatives was unemployed,relationships with patients were parents,caregiver burden,and negative coping styles,which explained 83.1%of the total variation.Conclusions Anticipatory grief is more serious among the caregivers of major relatives of hospitalized patients with hematological malignancies.It is recommended that nurses in the Hematology Department detect and assess the level of anticipatory grief of caregivers in a timely manner,and give corresponding interventions according to individual differences,so as to improve the physical and mental health of the caregivers,and then improve the quality of care and promote the recovery of patients.