心力衰竭患者口渴困扰现状及影响因素分析

A study on the status and influencing factors of thirst distress in patients with heart failure

目的了解心力衰竭患者口渴困扰水平,并分析其影响因素,为实施缓解患者口渴困扰干预措施提供理论依据。方法于2019年11月至2020年10月,选取大连医科大学附属第一医院和大连医科大学附属第二医院187例符合纳入标准的心力衰竭患者作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、心力衰竭患者口渴困扰量表、广泛性焦虑障碍量表、患者健康问卷和疾病感知问卷简化版对心力衰竭患者进行问卷调查。结果心力衰竭患者口渴困扰得分为(23.95±4.21)分,多元逐步线性回归分析显示心功能分级、利尿剂使用种类、焦虑、抑郁以及疾病感知是心力衰竭患者口渴困扰的影响因素,可解释心力衰竭患者口渴困扰变异的41.9%。结论心力衰竭患者口渴困扰处于中等水平,其口渴困扰受多种因素的影响,临床医护人员应关注心力衰竭患者口渴困扰严重程度,积极制订不同干预措施降低患者口渴感,以探讨缓解心力衰竭患者口渴困扰的有效方案。

Objective To understand the level of thirst distress in heart failure and analyze its influencing factors,in order to provide a theoretical basis for implementing the intervention measures to alleviate patients′thirst distress.Methods A total of 187 patients with heart failure who met the inclusion criteria from the First Affiliated Hospital and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from November 2019 to October 2020 were selected as the research objects.The General Information Questionnaire,Thirst Distress Scale-Heart Failure,Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale,Patient Health Questionaire-9 and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire were used to investigate heart failure patients.Multiple linear regression was used to explore the influencing factors of heart failure patients′thirst distress.Results The score of thirst distress in heart failure patients was(23.95±4.21),multiple stepwise linear regression analysis showed that heart function grade,diuretic usage,anxiety,depression and disease perception were the influencing factors of thirst distress in patients with heart failure,which explained 41.9%of the thirst distress in heart failure patients.Conclusions The thirst distress of heart failure patients is in the middle level,and its thirst distress is affected by many factors,clinical medical staff should pay attention to the severity of thirst distress in patients with heart failure,actively develop different intervention measures to reduce patients′thirst sensation,and explore effective schemes to alleviate thirst distress in patients with heart failure.