山东省大学生突发公共卫生事件应对能力及影响因素分析

Analysis of coping capacity and influencing factors of public health emergencies among college students in Shandong Province

目的了解山东省大学生突发公共卫生事件应对能力现况并分析其影响因素,为提高大学生突发公共卫生事件应急水平提供参考依据。方法利用分层随机抽样方法,于2020年4—5月抽取山东省6所高校7719名在校生作为调查对象,使用自制问卷对其进行问卷调查。采用多元线性回归分析大学生突发公共卫生事件应对能力的影响因素。结果山东省大学生突发公共卫生事件总体应对能力得分(46.22±8.47)分,各维度从高到低依次为事前的个人预防(15.65±2.75)分、事后的配合处置(15.18±3.08)分、事中的个人防范(15.01±3.23)分。多元线性回归分析显示,性别、专业(文史类、理工类)、是否独生子女、父亲文化程度(初中、高中、专科及以上)、母亲文化程度(初中、高中、专科及以上)、是否知晓突发公共卫生事件、是否参加应急演练、是否接受突发公共卫生事件健康教育是大学生突发公共卫生事件应对能力的相关因素(B值分别为-1.53,-1.78,-2.08,0.60,0.81,1.11,1.38,0.78,1.65,1.86,9.14,2.00,2.62,P值均<0.05)。结论山东省大学生突发公共卫生事件总体应对能力较好,但应对水平仍有待进一步提高,应通过加强应急教育、提升家庭内部支持等促进大学生突发公共卫生事件应对能力的提升。

Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of coping capacity in public health emergencies among college students in Shandong Province,and to provide reference for public health emergencies responses.Methods Using stratified random sampling method,7719 students from 6 colleges and universities in Shandong Province were selected and investigated with self-designed questionnaire from April to May 2020.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of coping capacity in public health emergencies.Results The overall coping capacity of college students in Shandong Province to public health emergencies scored(46.22±8.47),with dimension from high to low being personal prevention before the event(15.65±2.75),post-event cooperation and disposal(15.18±3.08),incident personal precaution(15.01±3.23).Multiple linear regression showed that gender,major,only child,parental education level,knowledge of public health emergencies,emergency drill exercises,and health education for public health emergencies were associated with coping capacity among college students in public health emergencies(B=-1.53,-1.78,-2.08,0.60,0.81,1.11,1.38,0.78,1.65,1.86,9.14,2.00,2.62,P<0.05).Conclusion The overall coping capacity in public health emergencies among college students in Shandong is at a good level,but still needs to be improved through strengthening emergency education and family support.