轨道交通车辆用功能性部件的防火研究

Research on fire protection of functional components for rail transit vehicles

选取了轨道交通车辆用量较多的橡胶典型功能部件折棚式内风挡、外风挡和空气弹簧胶囊用材料,依据最新的业内通用标准EN 45545-2∶2020,同时进行烟毒性和热释放速率试验。试验结果表明,现用橡胶典型功能性部件除烟毒性指数(CIT_(G))外,烟密度(D_(s))和最大平均热释放速率(MARHE)均无法满足EN 45545-2∶2020防火标准的HL2级要求。面对这一问题,生产厂家应在满足部件功能性的前提下,尽量提高产品的防火性能;同时,为确保部件自身的功能性,标准制定方在制定指标要求时也应适当放宽这些材料的防火阻燃要求。

The materials used for the pucker vestibule diaphragm,the exterior vestibule diaphragm and the air spring diaphragm of rail transit vehicles are selected for smoke toxicity and heat release rate tests,in accordance with the latest industry general standard EN 45545-2:2020.The test results show that,except for the smoke toxicity index(CIT_(G)),the smoke density(D_(s))and the maximum average heat release rate(MARHE)of the typical functional rubber components currently in use cannot meet the HL2 requirements of EN 45545-2:2020.Therefore,manufacturers should try their best to improve the fire performance of the products under the premise of meeting the functionality of the component;at the same time,to ensure the functionality of the components,the standard setter should also appropriately relax the fire retardant requirements of the materials when formulating index requirements.