河北省不同区域冬季绵羊舍的温热环境评价

Evaluation on Thermal Environment of Sheep Houses in Winter in Different Regions of Hebei Province

为了评价河北省各区域不同建筑类型绵羊舍的温热环境,试验选择3大区域(燕山丘陵地区、太行山区和平原区)的8栋羊舍,对羊舍温度、湿度和风速进行测定,并计算温湿指数(THI),以评价羊的温湿环境。结果表明:燕山丘陵坝上地区平均舍温最低,最低降至-11.2℃,平原区平均舍温最高,最高仅6.3℃;同区域不同建筑类型羊舍的温度之间均表现出显著性差异(P<0.01)(燕山坝上除外),有窗密闭舍的温度显著高于其他类型舍(塑料覆膜舍、半开放舍和敞棚舍)。从湿度分析,各区域舍内湿度从低到高顺序为:48.5%(太行山区)、54.0%(平原区)、63.6%(坝上)和69.6%(坝下)。除了坝上,其他区域不同类型舍间的湿度差异均达显著水平(P<0.05)。从风速上分析,坝下风速最低,平均仅0.04 m/s,平原区的敞棚舍风速显著高于有窗密闭舍(P<0.05),而其他区域不同类型羊舍的风速未表现出显著性差异(P>0.05)。综合温湿参数,各区域羊舍THI分别为18.1~39.2(坝上)、24.0~47.5(坝下)、33.4~47.0(太行)和36.2~47.5(平原),说明河北省不同区域羊舍的保温性能亟待提高,尤其是燕山丘陵地区,本研究结果也为各区域羊舍的冬季温热环境评价提供依据。

To evaluate the warm and humid environment of sheep in different types of buildings in different regions of Hebei Province,the temperature,humidity and wind speed of 8 sheep houses in 3 regions(Yanshan hilly area,Taihang mountainous area and plain terrain)were measured,and the temperature and humidity index(THI)was calculated.The results showed that the average temperature(AT)in Bashang region of Yanshan was the lowest at-11.2℃among all regions,while the AT in plain region was the highest at 6.3℃.For different styles of houses in the same region,the AT demonstrated a significant difference(P<0.01)(except for indoor AT in Bashang region of Yanshan),and the AT in enclosed houses with windows was higher than in other styles of houses(including plastic film-covered houses,semi-open houses,and open sheds).Regarding humidity(RH),the RH in different regions was 48.5%(Taihang hilly region),54.0%(plain terrain),63.6%(Basheng)and 69.6%(Baxia),respectively.Except for Bashang,a significant difference(P<0.05)was observed in indoor RH among different styles of houses in the same region.In terms of wind speed(WS),the WS in Baxia was the lowest,with an average of 0.04 m/s.The WS in open house was higher(P<0.05)than that in closed house in plain terrain,while the WS in other regions demonstrated no difference(P>0.05)among different houses.According to the analysis of AT and RH,the THI in different regions was 18.1~39.2(Bashang),24.0~47.5(Baxia),33.4~47.0(Taihang),and 36.2~47.5(plain),respectively.The results suggest that heat insulation properties of sheep houses in different regions of Hebei province badly need improving,especially in Yanshan mountainous region.The research provides a basis for thermal evaluation of sheep houses in winter in different regions.