微塑料与蝌蚪健康的关系研究进展

Research Progress in the Relationship Between Microplastics and Tadpole Health

微塑料(MPs),尤其是纳米级可通过生物毒性效应影响蝌蚪健康,是继气候变化、紫外线辐射和致病菌外,导致两栖动物种群数量衰退的另一潜在致危因素。本文介绍了MPs的定义、赋存方式及其尺度效应,总结了MPs在蝌蚪体内的摄入、积累和清除情况,从形态表型、行为特征和组织病理学变化的角度概述了MPs对蝌蚪健康的危害。在水陆转换的生态学背景下和特定年龄阶段的生活史背景下,围绕免疫功能的可塑性和可供蝌蚪研究使用的免疫学参数,提出了未来值得关注的研究方向。

Microplastic(MPs),especially for nanoplastics,is considered to be one of the potential endangered factors causing population declination in amphibians after climate changes,ultraviolet radiation and pathogens.MPs threaten tadpole health because of their biological toxicity.In this review,the definition,occurrence and scaling effects of MPs were introduced,and the situation of uptakes,accumulation and emigration of MPs in the body of tadpoles were summarized.In addition,the adverse effects of MPs on tadpole health were listed in aspects of the variations of morphological phenotype,behavior characteristics and histopathology.Finally,further research directions are proposed in the ecological context of environment conversion(from aquatic to terrestrial)and age-specific context of life history,and focusing on immune function plasticity and immunological parameters available for tadpole research.