基于价值当量因子法的南四湖湿地生态服务价值估算

Estimation of Ecological Service value of Nansi Lake Wetland Based on Value Equivalent Factor Method

南四湖湿地是我国华北地区最大的内陆淡水湖,在水文调节、净化环境、水资源供给、生物多样性保护、食物生产、航运、旅游等方面发挥着重要的生态服务功能。本文采用价值当量因子法,结合南四湖湿地2020年的土地利用与覆被数据,分析估算了南四湖湿地生态服务价值。结果显示,2020年南四湖湿地生态系统共提供了价值341.07亿元的生态服务,其中水域生态系统提供99.25%的服务价值,农田生态系统提供0.67%的服务价值。在南四湖湿地二级生态系统类型中,服务价值最高的10亿元组生态系统包括湖泊、水库坑塘2类水域生态系统,亿元组的生态系统包括河渠、旱地、水田和沼泽湿地3类生态系统,其他类型属万元组。南四湖湿地的生态服务总价值中,81.03%是水文调节功能价值,6.36%是水资源供给功能价值,4.42%是净化环境功能价值,2.05%是提供生物多样性保护功能价值,1.51%是提供美学景观功能价值。根据生态服务价值量的占比不同,南四湖湿地生态系统的11个生态服务功能类型分为重要性不同的4个类型组,生态服务功能的分组可为南四湖湿地生态系统服务功能管理提供目标和方向。

Nansi Lake wetland is the largest inland freshwater lake in North China.It plays an important ecological service function in hydrological regulation,environmental purification,water resources supply,biodiversity protection,food production,shipping,tourism and so on.This paper uses the value equivalent factor method,combined with the land use and cover data of Nansi Lake Wetland in 2020,to analyze the ecological service value of Nansi Lake wetland.The results show that in 2020,the wetland ecosystem of Nansi Lake provides ecological services worth 34.1073 billion yuan,of which the water ecosystem provides 99.25%of the service value and the farmland ecosystem provides 0.67%of the service value.Among the secondary ecosystem types of Nansi Lake wetland,the 1 billion tuple ecosystem with the highest service value includes two types of water ecosystem:Lake,reservoir,pit and pond.The 100 million tuple ecosystem includes three types of ecosystems:river channel,dry land,paddy field and swamp wetland,and other types belong to 10000 tuples.Among the total ecological service value of Nansi Lake wetland,81.03%is hydrological regulation function value,6.36%is water resource supply function value,4.42%is environmental purification function value,2.05%is biodiversity protection function value,and 1.51%is aesthetic landscape function value.According to the different proportion of ecological service value,the 11 ecological service function types of Nansi Lake wetland ecosystem are divided into four type groups with different importance.The grouping of ecological service functions provides objectives and directions for the management of Nansi Lake wetland ecosystem service functions.