根系分泌物C∶N对刺槐林地土壤理化特征和土壤呼吸的影响

Effects of root exudates C:N on soil physical and chemical characteristics and soil respiration in Robinia pseudoacacia plantation

为探究根系分泌物C∶N对土壤养分循环及微生物活性的影响,本研究以黄土高原人工刺槐林为对象,在生境条件基本一致的15、25、35、45 a刺槐林地取原位土壤,通过模拟不同C∶N的根系分泌物(只添加N、C∶N=10、C∶N=50、C∶N=100和只添加C)添加至土壤,以去离子水作为对照,分析根系分泌物C∶N对土壤碳、氮、磷、pH值等理化特征和土壤呼吸的影响。结果表明:1)有机碳含量与根系分泌物C∶N呈正相关,根系分泌物C∶N=10时土壤有机碳(SOC)分解较快,高根系分泌物C∶N(C∶N=100)能延缓SOC分解,而只添加C处理对SOC无显著影响。2)不同C∶N根系分泌物处理对全氮的影响不明显,碳添加能促进微生物对铵态氮的吸收,氮添加能促进铵态氮的硝化,随着根系分泌物C∶N增加,土壤中铵态氮含量下降。3)氮添加会导致土壤pH值下降,增加土壤全磷含量。4)刺槐林地土壤呼吸值与根系分泌物C∶N呈正相关,随着C∶N增加,根系分泌物对25和35 a人工刺槐林土壤呼吸的促进作用更显著。综上,根系分泌物C∶N值越高,对人工刺槐林土壤呼吸的促进作用越显著。研究结果进一步加深了对森林根系-土壤-微生物互作过程的认识。

We explored the effects of C:N ratio in root exudates of Robinia pseudoacacia plantations on soil nutrient cycling and microbial activity on the Loess Plateau. We collected in-situ soil from the R. pseudoacacia plantations with essentially identical habitat conditions and growing time of 15, 25, 35, and 45 years. By adding root exudates with different C:N ratios(N only, C:N=10, C:N=50, C:N=100, C only) to the soil and using deionized water as a control, we analyzed the effects of C:N ratio of root exudates on the physicochemical properties of elements such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, soil pH, and soil respiration. The results showed that: 1) Organic carbon content was positively correlated with the C:N ratio of root exudates. Soil organic carbon(SOC) decomposition was faster when root exudates C:N=10. Higher C:N ratio of root exudates(C:N=100) could inhibit SOC decomposition, but only C addition had no significant effect on SOC. 2) Different root exudate C:N produced no significant influence on the total nitrogen. The addition of carbon promoted microbial uptake of ammonium nitrogen, while the addition of nitrogen promoted the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen. As the C:N ratio of root exudates increased, soil ammonium nitrogen content decreased. 3) The addition of nitrogen would reduce soil pH and increase soil total phosphorus content. 4) Soil respiration of R. pseudoacacia plantations was positively correlated with the C:N ratio of root exudates. With the increases of C:N ratio, the promoting effect of root exudates on soil respiration at 25 and 35 years R. pseudoacacia plantations was stronger. In conclusion, higher C:N ratio of root exudates will significantly promote the effect on soil respiration of R. pseudoacacia plantations. Our results improved the understan-ding of the root-soil-microbial interactions in forests.