肺癌患者中耶氏肺孢子菌肺炎的研究进展

Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in Patients with Lung Cancer:A Review

近年来,随着免疫抑制剂的广泛使用,耶氏肺孢子菌肺炎(Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia,PJP)在非艾滋病(如恶性肿瘤、器官移植术后及自身免疫性疾病)患者中的发病率显著升高。PJP在血液系统肿瘤及器官移植术后等人群中的危险因素及诊治得到了广泛研究,但在实体肿瘤中的研究有所欠缺。而肺癌为全球发病人数和死亡人数最高的肿瘤,临床上肺癌患者感染PJP的预后较差。本文通过回顾既往文献,总结了PJP在肺癌患者中的流行病学及临床表现,肺癌患者感染PJP的危险因素及可能机制、诊断及预防等研究进展,为临床应用提供参考。

In recent years,with the widespread use of immunodepressant agents,Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia(PJP)has been significantly found in non-human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)patients,such as those with malignancies,post-transplantation and autoimmune diseases.Although the risk factors and management of PJP have been extensively studied in the hematologic tumor and post-transplant populations,the research on real tumor cases is insufficient.Lung cancer has been the most common tumor with the highest number of incidence and death worldwide,and the prognosis of lung cancer patients infected with PJP is poor in clinical practice.By reviewing the previous studies,this paper summarized the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of PJP in lung cancer patients,the risk factors and possible mechanisms of PJP infection in lung cancer patients,diagnosis and prevention,and other research progresses to provide reference for clinical application.