精神分裂症患者高泌乳素血症相关治疗研究进展

Research progress on related treatment of hyperprolactinemia in patients with schizophrenia

一般来说,精神分裂症患者出现高泌乳素血症的风险较高,究其原因在于精神分裂症疾病本身的作用和抗精神病药物的影响。在最初阶段,患者在服用抗精神病药物后,其体内的泌乳素水平会呈现快速升高状态,长期服药后,泌乳素水平会逐渐趋于稳定并有所下降,但与正常人的泌乳素水平相比,仍然处于较高状态。同时,精神分裂症患者在长期治疗中,也可能发生代谢相关的不良反应,会诱发诸多不良后果。因此,随着医疗水平的发展,广大医学工作者开始围绕高泌乳素血症和代谢不良反应进行研究,以期探讨有效的治疗方法。临床研究发现,溴隐亭和芍药甘草汤等对降低精神分裂症患者的泌乳素水平作用良好,但上述药物在实际使用中存在一定的局限性。而二甲双胍应用于精神分裂症患者中,既可以优化患者糖脂代谢紊乱情况,同时也具有一定的降泌乳素作用,有较好的治疗效果,但关于二甲双胍的疗效和剂量临床还需要进一步研究。本文阐述了精神分裂症患者高泌乳素血症的临床症状及诱发的不良反应,并对期临床治疗进展进行综述,以期为精神分裂症高泌乳素血症患者的临床治疗提供帮助。

Generally speaking, patients with schizophrenia have a higher risk of hyperprolactinemia, which is due to the role of schizophrenia itself and the influence of antipsychotics. In the initial stage, after taking antipsychotic drugs, the prolactin level in patients will increase rapidly. After long-term medication, the prolactin level will gradually stabilize and decrease, but it is still in a high state compared with the prolactin level of normal people. At the same time, schizophrenia patients may also have metabolic related adverse reactions in long-term treatment, which will induce many adverse consequences. Therefore, with the development of medical level, the majority of medical workers begin to study hyperprolactinemia and adverse metabolic reactions in order to explore effective treatment methods. Clinical studies have found that bromocriptine and Shaoyao Gancao Decoction play a good role in reducing the level of prolactin in patients with schizophrenia, but the above drugs have some limitations in practical use. The application of metformin in schizophrenic patients can not only optimize the disorder of glucose and lipid metabolism, but also have a certain prolactin lowering effect and good therapeutic effect. However, the clinical efficacy and dose of metformin need to be further studied. This paper expounds the clinical symptoms and induced adverse reactions of hyperprolactinemia in schizophrenic patients, and summarizes the progress of clinical treatment, in order to provide help for the clinical treatment of hyperprolactinemia in patients with schizophrenic.