老年难治性高血压疾病的研究进展

Research progress of refractory hypertension in the elderly

难治性高血压疾病也被称为顽固性的高血压疾病,是指患者明确疾病诊断后服用3种以上的降压药物,并改变不良的生活习惯之后,患者的血压依旧没有控制在合理范围。难治性高血压疾病在临床上并不少见,其对患者身体健康造成的影响比较严重。随着人们生活方式的变化,肥胖的人数逐渐增多,且当前老龄化的趋势逐渐加快,致使难治性高血压疾病的发生率逐渐升高。分析难治性高血压疾病的发病因素,发现其主要的致病因素包括以下几点:服用影响血压的药物;生活方式因素;存在高盐摄入、过度焦虑、大量吸烟、重度肥胖、慢性疼痛等;高血压药物治疗不充分,如药物用量不足或未使用利尿剂或联合方案不正确;存在继发性高血压。难治性高血压患者多为老年人,且大部分存在动脉粥样硬化,由于患者的血管弹性降低,易导致合并多个慢性疾病,像心肌肥厚疾病、脑动脉硬化、脑卒中以及心功能不全等疾病。基于此,本文将主要针对老年难治性高血压患者的临床研究进展展开综述。

Refractory hypertension is also called persistent hypertension. It mainly refers to the fact that the patient’s blood pressure is still not controlled within a reasonable range after taking three or more antihypertensive drugs when receiving the diagnosis of the disease and changing the past lifestyle habits.Refractory hypertensive disease is very common in clinical medicine, which has a serious impact on the health of patients. With the continuous changes in people’s lifestyles, the number of obese people is gradually increasing, and the current aging trend is gradually serious, which results in the increasing incidence of refractory hypertension. By analyzing the pathogenic factors of refractory hypertension, it is found that the main pathogenic factors include the following: taking drugs affect blood pressure;lifestyle factors;high satt intake, excessive anxiety, heavy smoking, severe obesity, chronic pain etc.;hypertension drug therapy is not sufficient, for example, the dosage of drugs is less or not use diuretics or incorrect combination;secondary hypertension. Most patients with refractory hypertention are the elderly and most of them have atherosclerosis. Due to the decrease in the elasticity of the blood vessels of the patient, it is very easy to have multiple chronic diseases, such as myocardial hypertrophy, cerebral arteriosclerosis, stroke, and cardiac insufficiency. Based on this, this article will mainly focus on the clinical research progress of elderly patients with refractory hypertension.