高校中国学生与留学生性健康知信行比较

Sexual health-related knowledge,attitude and behavior among international and domestic students in Chinese colleges and universities:a comparison study

目的比较中国高校留学生与中国学生的性知识、性态度和性行为现状及性行为影响因素,为更好推进高校性教育提供理论和数据支撑。方法于2019年9—11月,采取按年级分层抽样方法抽取中国东、中、西部3个地区9所高校中国学生5989人,采用方便抽样方法抽取中国96所高校留学生1004人,采用线上问卷调查方式,应用SPSS 21.0软件统计分析数据。结果留学生性知识得分(5.11±2.20)显著低于中国学生得分(5.31±2.17)(t=2.751,P<0.01)。对一夜情所持态度,留学生(25.10%)比中国学生(14.59%)更开放(χ^(2)=73.04,P<0.01);对同性恋所持态度,中国学生(53.35%%)比留学生(43.23%)更开放(χ^(2)=73.83,P<0.01)。性行为发生率留学生(20.42%)稍高于中国学生(18.88%);多个性伴侣现象留学生(58.05%)比中国学生(35.46%)普遍(χ^(2)=27.26,P<0.01);初次性行为年龄<18岁的比例留学生(30.73%)显著高于中国学生(15.12%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=29.28,P<0.01)。男生、高年级、高消费水平、无宗教信仰以及双性恋的留学生更有可能发生性行为(P<0.01);而男生、高年级、文科类学生、高消费水平、同性恋和双性恋的中国学生更有可能发生性行为(P<0.01)。结论中国学生与留学生在性知识、性态度和性行为的差异提示大学阶段仍需加强性健康教育,并且要考虑大学生不同文化背景和性别等因素,从而促进大学生性健康。

Objective To compare differences in current status of sexual health-related knowledge,attitude and behavior and influencing factors of sexual behavior between international and domestic students in Chinese colleges and universities for providing references and evidences to promote education on sexual health in the students.Methods With a self-designed questionnaire,we conducted an online anonymous survey from September through November,2019.The respondents of the survey were 6665 Chinese students recruited using stratified cluster sampling in 9 colleges/universities in eastern,central and western China and 1403 international students sampled conveniently in 96 universities across China.Statistical analyses on collected data were performed with SPSS 21.0 software.Results Valid information were collected from 5989 Chinese and1004 international students.The score for sexual knowledge of the international students was significantly lower than that of Chinese students(5.11±2.20 vs.5.31±2.17,t=2.751;P<0.01).Significantly higher proportion of international students reported positive attitude towards one night stands than that of Chinese students(25.10%vs.14.59%,χ^(2)=73.04;P<0.01);but significantly higher proportion of Chinese students reported positive attitude towards homosexuality than that of international students(53.35%vs.43.23%,χ^(2)=73.83;P<0.01).More international students than Chinese students reported ever having sexual behaviors(20.42%vs.18.88%)and for the students ever having sexual behaviors,the proportion of with multiple sexual partners was significantly higher among international students than among Chinese students(58.05%vs.35.46%,χ^(2)=27.26;P<0.01).Significantly more international students than Chinese students reported first sexual behaviors at the age of less than 18 years(30.73%vs.15.12%,χ^(2)=29.28;P<0.01).The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the international students of male gender,being seniors,with a high level of living consumption,without religious belief,and with bisexual orientation were more likely to have sexual behavior(all P<0.01);while,the Chinese students of male gender,being seniors,majoring in liberal arts,with a high level of living consumption,and with homosexual or bisexual orientation were more likely to have sexual behavior(P<0.01 for all).Conclusion There are disparities in sexual healthrelated knowledge,attitude and behavior between international students and domestic students of colleges/universities in China,suggesting that targeted education on sexual health should be promoted among student groups of different gender and culture background.