中国代表性地区典型动物源性食品指示性多氯联苯污染水平和人群膳食风险评估

Contamination and human health risk assessment of indicative polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)in meats and eggs in five provincial-level regions across China

目的调查中国代表性地区肉类(带鱼、牛肉、猪肉)和鸡蛋中的指示性多氯联苯(Indicator PCBs)污染水平,评估人群膳食暴露风险,为开展重点食品多氯联苯限量标准制定提供基础数据。方法采集4个代表性地区5个省市共244份肉类和鸡蛋样品,采用同位素稀释的高分辨气相色谱/高分辨双聚焦磁式质谱联用法测定指示性PCBs含量;分析不同食品中指示性PCBs的污染水平,结合成人膳食消费量评估人群暴露风险。结果4种食品中7种指示性PCBs(Σ_(7)PCBs)按湿重计的污染水平从高至低分别为带鱼、猪肉、鸡蛋和牛肉,P50水平分别为0.29、0.034、0.026和0.018 ng·g^(-1)ww。我国居民通过肉类和鸡蛋的Σ_(7)PCBs日均摄入量和P95水平摄入量分别为0.28、1.33 ng·kg^(-1)bw。当居民终生每日摄入Σ_(7)PCBs处于P95污染水平(2.26 ng·g^(-1)ww)的带鱼时,存在潜在致癌风险。结论中国代表性地区带鱼、牛肉、猪肉和鸡蛋样品中指示性PCBs含量远低于我国和欧盟限量标准水平;但终生致癌风险评估(ILCR)结果显示,长期食用PCBs污染浓度较高的带鱼可能对人体具有潜在致癌风险。

Objective To investigate levels and the risk of dietary exposure to indicative polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs)in ribbonfish,beef,pork,and eggs sampled in representative regions of China for providing data to developing limit standard of PCBs in food.Methods Totally 244 meat and egg samples were collected in five representative provincial-level administrative divisions in China.Seven congeners of indicator PCBs were analyzed with isotope dilution high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRGC/HRMS).Indicator PCBs concentrations were also analyzed among different kinds of food as well as risks of dietary exposure to the PCBs among local residents.Results Seven kinds of indicator PCBs(Σ_(7)PCBs)were detected in four kinds of food sample,with the 50 th percentile(P50)wet weight(ww)concentrations(ng·g^(-1)ww)of 0.29 for ribbonfish,0.034 for pork,0.026 for eggs,and 0.018 for beef,respectively.The estimated average daily intake and 95 th percentile(P95)exposure level ofΣ_(7)PCBs were 0.28 ng·kg^(-1)body weight(bw)and1.33 ng·kg^(-1)bw for local residents through meat and eggs consumption.The estimated overall lifetime carcinogenic risk was the highest for the residents having high consumption of ribbonfish(≥1 time/day)contaminated withΣ_(7)PCBs at the P95 concentration of 2.26 ng·g^(-1)ww.Conclusion The contents of indicator PCBs in ribbonfish,beef,pork and egg samples from five representative regions of China were far lower than the limit standards stipulated by the Chinese government and the European Union;whereas the residents with high consumption of PCBs-contaminated ribbonfish may be exposed to a potential carcinogenic risk.