水母毒素与水母蜇伤

Jellyfish venom and jellyfish stings

水母蜇伤是最常见的海洋生物伤,其发生率随着人们与海洋环境的密切接触不断上升。水母形态结构虽然简单,但其毒素组成复杂,可造成机体多个系统不同程度的损伤,因此水母蜇伤后临床症状较为复杂,目前尚没有基于毒素作用机制的特效抗毒药物。从水母毒素、水母蜇伤症状以及蜇伤后综合治疗3个方面进行综述,着重阐述近年来水母毒素组分研究的新进展以及针对毒素组分的拮抗药物的研究动态。

Jellyfish stinging is the most common type of marine life injury, and its incidence is increasing with the close contacts between people and the marine environment. Although the morphology and structure of jellyfish are simple, the components of their venom are complex, which can cause different degrees of damage to multiple systems of the human body. Therefore, the clinical symptoms of jellyfish stings are very complicated, and there is no specific antivenom drug based on the mechanism of venom action to date. This paper reviews the venom of jellyfish, the symptoms of jellyfish stings, and the comprehensive treatment after sting, and focuses on the recent developments in the research of jellyfish venom components and the research trends of antagonistic drugs for the venom components.