“秦关楚路”:北周射礼的文学书写及其影响

“Overlooking Chu Road in Qin Guan”:The Literary Manifestation and Influence of Archery Etiquette in Northern Zhou Dynasty

北周射礼建制在宇文邕治下达到顶峰,与之相匹配的文学书写在庾信、王褒等降北南士的主导下,一反政治领域“糠秕魏晋,宪章虞夏”的宗周复古原则,突显宗法汉晋的旨向,体现出鲜明的南朝化特征。庾信、王褒为适应宇文邕政权结构调整和一统齐、陈的军政需要,在胡汉二元政治思维的框架下,推尊北周王祚正统,继承汉晋以来司马相如、扬雄、班固、张衡、颜延之、王融等所奠定的阅武、校射、田猎、游放、宴射、祓禊等文本传统,造就了北周马射赋、观射诗、武将碑铭、燕射歌辞的官样范式,对隋唐射礼赋、边塞诗的发展颇具推动之功。

In Northern Zhou Dynasty,Zhou Li was used as the institutional framework for the system of archery etiquette.And Yuwen Yong,the Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou Dynasty,pushed the reform of government and etiquette to a peak,which absorbed the grassland traditions of military training and worshiping gods by hunting and sacrificing in the early Northern Wei Dynasty.Yu Xin and Wang Bao,under the dual political system of Hu and Han in Northern Zhou Dynasty,tried to conform to the blending nature of the system of archery etiquette,and transformed their political orthodoxy to be engaged in literary narrative.They created a group of literary classics,with horses and archery as the core elements.Objectively,it promoted the innovation of the military ritual writing modes of the Han,Wei and Six Dynasties.At the same time,this series of literary models had a positive impact on the development of liturgical literature and frontier poems of the Sui and Tang Dynasties.