新型冠状病毒肺炎:重症肺炎与免疫紊乱

COVID-19:severe pneumonia and immune dysfunction

新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)是由新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)感染所引起的急性呼吸道传染性疾病,已成为现阶段严重威胁人类生命健康的突出难题。免疫应答障碍在COVID-19的发生及进展中具有重要意义,被认为是多器官功能损伤甚至死亡的主要原因。重症COVID-19患者循环固有免疫及适应性免疫细胞出现显著功能障碍及凋亡增加,引发机体免疫应答失调。多种免疫调理措施,如糖皮质激素、细胞因子抗体、胸腺肽α及恢复期患者血浆等,在减缓重症COVID-19进展及改善预后方面可能发挥保护效应。

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is acute respiratory infectious disease due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection,and has currently become the major problem threatening human life.The dysfunction of immune response is of critical significance in the pathogenesis and progression of COVID-19,which is considered as the major cause for multiple organ injury and even death.Patients with severe COVID-19 show significant dysfunction and compromised viability of both innate and adaptive immune cells,resulting in imbalanced immune response.Multiple kinds of immunomodulation,including corticosteroids,antibodies for cytokines,thymosinα1,and convalescent plasma,may play a role in delaying the progression and improving outcomes of severe COVID-19 patients.