改革开放以来我国职业教育“普职融通”发展的回顾与展望

Review and Prospect on the Development of Integration and Development of General Education and Vocational Education in China since the Reform and Opening Up

梳理与分析改革开放以来关于职业教育“普职融通”的政策变迁,将我国“普职融通”推进工作分为前渗透阶段、探索发展阶段、快速发展阶段、深化发展阶段等四个阶段。分析发现,我国存在普通教育与职业教育人才培养定位有待明晰、“普职融通”模式缺乏针对性与创新性、横向融通深度不足、纵向贯通遇到滞碍等问题。反思问题产生的深层原因,系统提出“普职融通”未来的发展建议:加强顶层政策设计,实现“普职融通”系统发展;促进中层的模式创新,实现“普职融通”多元发展;推进基层学校的课程改革,实现“普职融通”精准发展。

Combing and analyzing the policy changes of"integration and development of general education and vocational education"since the reform and opening up,the promotion of"integration and development of general education and vocational education"in China is divided into four stages:pre infiltration stage,exploration and development stage,rapid development stage and deepening development stage.It is found that there are some problems such as the unclear orientation of talent training in general education and vocational education,the lack of pertinence and innovation of the"integration and development of general education and vocational education"model,the lack of depth of horizontal integration,and the obstruction of vertical connection.Based on reflection on the deep causes of the problems,this paper systematically put forward suggestions for the future development of"integration and development of general education and vocational education":strengthen the top-level policy design to realize the development of"integration and development of general education and vocational education"system;promote the innovation of middle-level model and realize the diversified development of"integration and development of general education and vocational education";promote the curriculum reform of grass-roots schools and realize the accurate development of"integration and development of general education and vocational education".