近十年邯郸市冬小麦生产氮足迹时空变化特征分析

Analysis on the Characteristics of Temporal and Spatial Changes of Nitrogen Footprint of Winter Wheat Production in Handan City in Recent Ten Years

为系统评估邯郸市冬小麦生产的氮排放情况,采用生命周期法(LCA),以eFootprint软件为建模工具,系统分析了2010-2019年邯郸市冬小麦生产氮足迹的组成、动态变化和空间分布。结果表明,邯郸市冬小麦生产单位面积和单位产量氮足迹年均量分别为71.00 kg N-eq·hm^(-2)和10.64 g N-eq·kg^(-1),氮足迹主要来源于田间NH3挥发(75.07%)和柴油燃烧(9.08%)。邯郸市冬小麦低产区单位面积和单位产量氮足迹分别是高产区的1.25和2.05倍。近十年邯郸地区氮足迹总体呈下降趋势,并且西部山区较高,东部平原县区较低。合理施肥和提高机械化生产效率是邯郸市冬小麦生产氮减排的重要途径。

In order to systematically assess nitrogen emissions of winter wheat production in Handan,the life cycle assessment(LCA)method was applied to analyze the composition,variation and spatial distribution of nitrogen footprint from 2010 to 2019 based on the model of eFootprint software.The results showed that the average annual nitrogen footprints of winter wheat were 71.00 kg N-eq·hm^(-2) and 10.64 g N-eq·kg^(-1).The nitrogen footprint was mainly caused by field NH3 volatilization(75.07%)and diesel burning(9.08%).In the low-yield areas,the nitrogen footprint per unit area and per unit yield were 1.25 and 2.05 times of that in the high-yield areas.In the past ten years,the overall nitrogen footprint showed a downward trend.The nitrogen footprint was generally high in the west mountain area and low in the east plain area in Handan.Reasonable fertilization and improving the efficiency of mechanized production are effective ways to reduce nitrogen emissions in Handan’s winter wheat production.