浦口区2020—2021学年中小学生常见病及营养状况结果分析

Analysis of common diseases and nutritional status of primary and secondary school students in Pukou District in 2020 to 2021 school year

目的了解浦口区中小学生常见病患病情况及营养状况,评价学校卫生保健工作,为有效制定防控措施提供数据支撑。方法对浦口区2020—2021学年“江苏省学生健康监测系统”中录入的学生体检数据进行统计,分析学生的视力、牙齿、血压、体重情况。结果2020—2021学年浦口区中小学生视力不良检出率随着学习阶段提高逐步升高,高中阶段高达91.33%(χ^(2)=2445.958,P<0.001);血压偏高检出率高中阶段最高(χ^(2)=32.557,P<0.001);小学阶段龋齿、营养不良、肥胖检出率均最高(χ^(2)=1639.601,P<0.001;χ^(2)=13.782,P=0.001;χ^(2)=139.129,p<0.001);超重检出率各学段比较,差异没有统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.662,P=0.264)。男生龋齿、营养不良、超重、肥胖检出率均高于女生(χ^(2)=16.540,P<0.001;χ^(2)=8.183,P=0.004;χ^(2)=122.916,P<0.001;χ^(2)=384.065,P<0.001);女生视力不良、血压偏高检出率高于男生(χ^(2)=46.392,P<0.001;χ^(2)=136.448,P<0.001)。结论浦口区中小学生常见病患病率较高,有关部门应加大对中小学生视力不良、龋齿、超重、肥胖等常见病防治工作,保障青少年健康成长。

Objective To understand the prevalence of common diseases and nutritional status among primary and secondary school students in Pukou District,evaluate school health care work,and provide data support for effective formulation of prevention and control measures.Methods The students’physical examination data recorded in the"Jiangsu Student Health Monitoring System"for the 2020—2021 academic year in Pukou District were collected.Then,the visual acuity,teeth,blood pressure and weight of the students were analyzed.Results In the 2020—2021 academic year,the detection rate of poor vision of primary and secondary school students in Pukou District increased gradually with the improvement of learning stage,with 91.33%in senior high school(χ^(2)=2445.958,P<0.001).The high blood pressure detection rate was the most common in senior high school(χ^(2)=32.557,P<0.001).The detection rates of caries,malnutrition and obesity were the highest in primary school(χ^(2)=1639.601,P<0.001;χ^(2)=13.782,P=0.001;χ^(2)=139.129,P<0.001).There was no significant difference in the overweight detection rate among different school sections(χ^(2)=2.662,P=0.264).The detection rates of caries,malnutrition,overweight and obesity in male students were higher than those in female students(χ^(2)=16.540,P<0.001;χ^(2)=8.183,P=0.004;χ^(2)=122.916,P<0.001;χ^(2)=384.065,P<0.001).The detection rates of poor vision and high blood pressure in female students were higher than those in male students(χ^(2)=46.392,P<0.001;χ^(2)=136.448,P<0.001).Conclusion The prevalence of common diseases in primary and secondary school students in Pukou District is high.Relevant departments should strengthen the prevention and treatment of common diseases such as poor vision,dental caries,overweight and obesity in primary and secondary school students to ensure the healthy growth of adolescents.