执行财产处置复合型公力模式改革探讨--创新执行权运行机制的视角

Discussion on the Reform of the Compound Public Power Model for Executing Property Disposal:From the Perspective of Innovating the Operation Mechanism of Execution Power

当前执行财产的处置采法院集中行使的“单一型公力模式”,权力高度集中与执行力量紧缺形成突出矛盾,带来债权实现周期拉长、债务人负担加重、执行队伍风险加大等诸多负外部性。通过对执行权构造理论及域外执行财产处置模式的比较分析可发现,“复合型公力模式”在权力正当性、权力兼容性、权力衔接、权力监督等方面,比“单一型公力模式”和“社会为主公力补充模式”更符合中国国家体制、权力架构和司法传统。提升执行财产处置质效,应从处置权赋权、处置权科学分配、加强程序衔接和权力运行监督等方面,逐步推进执行财产处置模式的改革创新。

At present,the disposal of enforcement property adopts the “single public power model”that is exercised by the court in a concentrated way.The high concentration of power and the shortage of enforcement power form a prominent contradiction,which brings about a prolonged period of creditor's rights realization,increased burden on debtors,increased risks of the enforcement team,and many other negative externalities.Through the comparative analysis of the construction theory of executive power and the mode of property disposal of execution outside the territory,it can be found that the “composite public power model”is more aligned with China’s national system,power structure and judicial tradition than the “ single public power model”and the “society as public power supplementary model”in terms of power legitimacy,power compatibility,power connection,and power supervision.To improve the quality and efficiency of property disposal in enforcement,the reform and innovation of the mode of property disposal in enforcement should be gradually promoted from such aspects as empowerment of disposal rights,scientific distribution of disposal rights,strengthening of procedures and supervision of power operation,etc.