进境大麦中病原真菌的分离与鉴定

Isolation and identification of pathogenic fungi from imported barley

对来源于乌克兰、法国和加拿大的大麦所携带的病原真菌进行了分离,并通过形态学观察和分子生物学手段对分离物进行了鉴定。共分离出51个真菌菌株,经鉴定,共有13个菌种,其中检疫性真菌1种,为麦类壳多胞斑点病菌(Stagonospora avenae);非检疫性真菌12种。侵染链格孢菌(Alternaria infectoria)的分离率最高,达40%,其次是互隔链格孢菌(Alternaria alternata)、大麦网斑病菌(Pyrenophora teres)、麦根腐平脐孺孢菌(Bipolaris sorokiniana)、梨孢镰刀菌(Fusarium poae)、大麦黑变病菌(Cladosporium herbarum)等。该鉴定结果对海关工作人员开展大麦真菌病害的检疫鉴定,防止检疫性有害生物传入,保护我国农林经济生产安全与生态安全具有重要意义。

We isolated and identified the fungi on barley from Ukraine, France, and Canada by morphological and molecular study. A total of 51 fungal strains were isolated, and 13 of them were identified, including one quarantine fungus(Stagonospora avenae). The results showed that 40% of fungi were Alternaria infectoria, followed by Alternaria alternate,Pyrenophora teres, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium poae, Cladosporium herbarum, etc. The results provided a direction for the inspection and administration of imported barley and provided a reference for the identification of fungi from barley.