遵义大学城药用植物多样性调查研究与教学应用

Research and teaching application of the diversity of medicinal plants in Zunyi Medical University and its surrounding areas

目的探讨遵义大学城药用植物多样性及其在教学中的应用情况。方法以遵义医科大学新蒲校区为中心(北纬27.72°,东经107.07°,海拔796米),以最大半径2000米为界限,带领学生对遵义大学城范围内的路边、荒地、农田和荒山分布的药用植物资源进行详细调查,指导学生对调查到的药用植物进行统计、分类、定位,并通过采集标本展示和野外实践的方式进行现场教学。结果通过对遵义大学城分布的药用植物资源进行调查研究和深度挖掘,发现236种药用植物(不完全统计),其中野生植物173种,栽培植物63种,这些药用植物可以产生380种生药。这些野生药用植物资源在药用植物学课程中植物器官、植物形态的认识,生药学课程中生药的采集、简单加工以及性状鉴定,实践中药学课程中植物拉野标本、生药标本制作、资源调查等教学过程中都发挥了重要作用。结论遵义大学城范围内蕴藏着丰富的可以用于教学实践的药用植物资源,弥补了中医药相关课程教学基础资源不足的问题,为学生提供了大量生动活泼的现实教学案例,有效地提高了学生的学习兴趣和教学质量。

Objective To investigate and study the diversity of medicinal plants in Zunyi University Town and discuss their application in teaching.Methods Taking the Xinpu Campus of Zunyi Medical University as the center(latitude 27.72°north,longitude 107.07°east,altitude 796 m),with a maximum radius of 2000 meters as the limit,students are led to conduct research on medicinal plant resources distributed along the roadside,wasteland,farmland and barren hills.Detailed investigation.Medicinal plants are counted,classified and located by students under the guidance of teachers.On-site teaching is carried out through the collection of specimens,display and field practice.Results Through investigation and in-depth excavation of the medicinal plant resources distributed in Zunyi University Town,236 kinds of medicinal plants(incomplete statistics)were found,including 173 kinds of wild plants and 63 kinds of cultivated plants.These medicinal plants can produce 380 kinds of crude drugs.Conclusions These findings can effectively make up for the lack of basic resources for teaching Chinese medicine related courses,provide students with a large number of lively and realistic teaching cases,and can effectively improve students’interest in learning and teaching quality.