汽车装配车间流水线物料问题配送研究

Study on the Distribution of Materials in the Assembly Line of Automobile Assembly Plant

为解决物料配送时拖车的承包区规划问题,生成了降本增效的派送方案和杜绝停线的方案。在转运能力有限,固定存储位置的条件下,提出了合理的假设,模拟实例,对停线原因进行合理分析,在尽量减少停线的前提下,通过多模式优化和动态规划模型,规划物料仓储点最少的储存方案。在此基础上,通过蚁群算法和多旅行商问题模型优化停线问题,按照实际需求和可用拖车,在保证路径最短的同时,利用BFS自动生成成本最低的配送方案。相比于传统的蚁群算法,加入时间窗约束条件,引入软时间惩罚成本,增添了路径信息素不断更新的机制,在贴近实际的同时,杜绝停线现象发生。对最终模型进行验证,表明该方法较好地解决了流水线的配送问题。

In order to solve the problem of planning the contractor area for trailers during material distribution,a cost-reducing and efficiencyenhancing dispatching scheme and a scheme to eliminate line stops were generated.Under the condition of limited transfer capacity and fixed storage location,reasonable assumptions,simulates examples were put forward,the reasonable analysis of the reasons for line stopping were made,and the storage scheme with the least number of material storage points by multi-model optimization and dynamic planning model under the premise of minimizing line stopping were planed,and the scheme was given.The stop-line problem was optimized by ant colony algorithm and multi-traveler problem model,and the distribution scheme with the lowest cost was automatically generated by using BFS according to the actual demand and available trailers while ensuring the shortest path,and the scheme was given.Compared with the traditional ant colony algorithm,a time window constraint was added,a soft time penalty cost was introduced,and a mechanism for continuous updating of the path pheromone was added,which the occurrence of line stopping while staying close to reality was eliminated.The validation of the final model shows that the method has a better solution to the distribution problem of the assembly line.