洗车机外框架焊缝裂纹成因分析及维护优化

Cause Analysis and Maintenance Optimization of Weld Crack in Outer Frame of Train Washing Machine

焊接是常见的连接金属材料的作业,会在连接处形成焊缝。随着设备的使用,材料会产生裂纹,若裂纹产生在焊缝处,则设备极易受到不可逆破坏导致无法使用。基于镇龙21洗车机一侧顶弧刷框架某处焊缝产生裂纹的事例,以力学理论、国家钢结构设计标准、焊缝处容易受到的化学侵蚀等理论为依据,通过力学校核、钢结构疲劳校核、设备使用环境等多个方面对生成原因进行了具体分析,确定该处焊缝裂纹的真实生成原因。在确定焊缝裂纹成因后将分析过程、设备实际环境、现场作业人员要求等多方面纳入考虑,对设备焊缝的维护、焊接作业时的作业工艺提出切实可行的优化措施。旨在提高现场作业人员对焊缝裂纹的重视程度、消除因焊缝裂纹的造成的安全隐患,延长设备的使用寿命。

Welding is a common operation to connect metal materials,which will form a weld at the connection.With the use of the equipment,the material will produce cracks.If the cracks occur at the weld,the equipment is very vulnerable to irreversible damage and cannot be used.Based on the example of cracks in a weld of the top arc brush frame on one side of Zhenlong 21 train cleaning machine,and based on the theories of mechanics theory,national steel structure design standard and chemical corrosion at the weld,the causes were analyzed in detail through the aspects of mechanics check,steel structure fatigue check and equipment service environment,to determine the real cause of weld crack.After determining the causes of weld crack,the analysis process,the actual environment of equipment and the requirements of field operators were taken into account,and practical optimization measures were put forward for the maintenance of equipment weld and the operation process during welding operation.The purpose is to improve the attention of field operators to weld cracks,eliminate potential safety hazards caused by weld cracks and prolong the service life of equipment.