数字经济下制造业国有企业转型升级的组态研究

Configuration Research on Transformation and Upgrading of State-Owned Manufacturing Enterprises in Digital Economy

在数字经济背景下,以261家制造业国有企业为研究对象,基于协同理论,运用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法探索企业外部因素(数字环境、融资环境、技术环境)和内部因素(内部管理能力、资源获取能力、自主创新能力)对制造业国有企业转型升级的多重联动影响机制。研究发现:单个因素并不会构成高企业转型升级的必要条件,但自主创新能力对推动国有企业转型升级具有普适作用;数字环境主导下资源与创新驱动型、数字环境助力下自主创新驱动型和企业内部自主创新驱动型三种组态可以促进高企业转型升级,不同组态代表着不同内外部环境下转型升级的多重实现方式,尤其对于一线城市来说,数字环境与企业内部环境对企业转型升级存在协同效应;非高企业转型升级也包含三种组态,它们均显现出自主创新能力缺失的问题,再次印证了企业自主创新能力对转型升级的重要推动作用。研究结论丰富了国有企业转型升级的影响因素,并从整合视角挖掘了国有企业转型升级的内外部协同机制,从而推动了数字经济背景下国有企业的转型升级研究。

In the digital context,based on synergetic theory,it took 261 state-owned manufacturing listed companies as the research object and used the set qualitative comparative analysis(FsQCA)method to explore the multiple linkage mechanism of influence of external factors(digital environment,financing environment,technical environment)and internal factors(internal management capacity,resource acquisition capacity,independent innovation capacity)of enterprises on the transformation and upgrading of state-owned manufacturing enterprises.The results are as following.A single factor does not constitute the necessary conditions for the high transformation and upgrading of enterprises,but the independent innovation capability plays a universal role in promoting the high transformation and upgrading.Driven by resources and innovation under the dominance of the digital environment,driven by independent innovation under the help of the digital environment and driven by independent innovation within enterprises can promote the high transformation and upgrading of enterprises.Different configurations represent multiple modes of transformation and upgrading under different internal and external environments.Especially for firsttier cities,there are synergies between the digital environment and the internal environment on the transformation and upgrading of enterprises.The non-high transformation and upgrading of enterprises also includes three configurations all of which show the lack of independent innovation capability,which once again confirms the important role of independent innovation capability in promoting transformation and upgrading of enterprises.It enriches the influencing factors of transformation and upgrading of state-owned enterprises,and excavates the internal and external coordination mechanism from the perspective of integration,which has played a role in promoting the transformation and upgrading of state-owned enterprises in the digital economy.