燃料电池中Pt基催化剂对CO的催化氧化

Catalytic Oxidation of CO by Pt-based Catalysts in Fuel Cells

燃料电池具有燃料多样性、噪声低、对环境污染小等优势,近年来备受研究者关注。然而,电池中的贵金属催化剂极易被少量的CO毒化,成为制约其商业化的一大障碍。因此,设计出高性能的催化剂对于推动燃料电池的发展十分关键。本文综述了燃料电池中铂(Pt)基催化剂对CO催化氧化的研究现状,首先探讨了CO催化氧化机理以及CO在Pt金属表面化学吸附的机理,其次详细介绍了Pt负载型催化剂、双金属催化剂以及助催化剂在催化反应中的不同作用,然后简单分析了影响Pt基催化剂性能的其他因素。最后,对燃料电池中Pt基催化剂的研究方向作了进一步的展望,旨在为燃料电池中CO催化氧化的发展开拓新思路。

Fuel cells have the advantages of fuel diversity,low noise,and low environmental pollution,and have attracted attention from researchers in recent years.However,the noble metal catalyst in the battery is easily poisoned by a small amount of CO,which has become a major obstacle to its commercialization.Therefore,the design of high-performance catalysts is critical to promoting the development of fuel cells.This article reviews the research status of platinum(Pt)-based catalysts in the catalytic oxidation of CO in fuel cells.First,the mechanism of CO catalytic oxidation and the mechanism of CO chemisorption on the surface of Pt metal are discussed.Second,the different roles of Pt metal-supported catalysts,bimetallic catalysts and co-catalysts in the catalytic reaction are introduced in detail.Then some other factors affecting the performance of Pt-based catalysts are simply analyzed.The research direction of Pt-based catalysts in fuel cells is further prospected,aiming to provide new ideas for the development of CO catalytic oxidation in fuel cells.