面向未来的德国职业教育创新发展策略——基于“塑造未来:卓越职业教育与培训创新计划”的解析

Innovative Development Strategy of Vocational Education in Germany:Analysis of"Shaping the Future-Innovations for Excellent Vocational Education and Training"

德国职业教育与培训在国际保持领先地位的关键就在于其变革性和创新性,“塑造未来:卓越职业教育与培训创新计划”就是比较典型的例子。该计划包括提高职业教育的吸引力、质量和同等性,从传统工艺到未来技术,适应工业4.0时代,在合作网络中取得更多成就,增强创新思维,让实践能力与理论学习内容理想互补等六个方面,具有创新性、行业性、灵活性和数字化等特征。德国面向未来的职业教育创新发展通过开发课程等提升职业教育的同等性,基于行业企业需求开发创新服务,塑造数字化变革并挖掘其潜力,建设新型培训学院等深化产学研合作内涵,综合提升职业教育和培训质量以及探索混合教育模式等策略,打造德国面向未来发展、具有吸引力的职业教育。

The key to maintaining the leading position of German vocational education and training in the world lies in its reform and innovation.“Shaping the future-innovations for excellent vocational education and training”is a typical example.The plan includes six aspects:improving the attraction,quality and equality of vocational education,adapting to the industrial 4.0 era from traditional technology to future technology,making more achievements in the cooperation network,enhancing the new thinking,and making the practical ability and the academic learning content complementary.It is innovative,industrial,flexible and digital.The innovative development strategies of vocational education in Germany are improving the equality of vocational education by developing courses,developing the innovative services based on the needs of industry and enterprise,shaping the digital transformation to excavate its potential,constructing the new typical training colleges to deepen the connotation of the Industry-University-Institute Cooperation,comprehensively improving the quality of vocational education and training,and explores mixed education modes,to create an attractive vocational education for future development in Germany.