现代汉语“云~”结构考察

The Use of"Cloud~"(云~)Structure in Modern Chinese

互联网技术的迅速发展催生了“云~”结构,并由互联网领域逐渐扩展到其他领域。在全球突发公共卫生事件的背景下,“云~”结构再次活跃。研究发现,进入“云~”结构的主要是动词和名词。其中动词主要以双音节具体动作动词为主,表现出过程性减弱,指称性增强的倾向,且具有一定的可触知性,即具备[+具体][+可见][+形象]等语义特征;进入“云~”结构的名词一是多与科技领域相关,二是多表现出指称性,且具有时间和空间的概念属性,三是多表现出关联性。此外,使用频率和语体分布也会影响“云~”的可接受度。“云~”的结构义可以理解为,与互联网技术相关的特定动作行为或指称对象。推动“云~”结构产生与发展的动因主要包括“云”现象的出现、隐喻的作用、想象能力、抽象能力和情感因素。

The rapid development of Internet technology has promoted the "cloud ~" structure, and gradually expanded it from the Internet domain to other domains. In the context of the global public health emergency, the "cloud~" structure has become active again. This study found that usually verbs and nouns enter the structure. Of verbs,mainly disyllabic specific verbs are used, showing a tendency of "weakening process and increasing referentiality",and having a certain tactility, that is, acquiring semantic features such as [+ specific], [+ visible], [+ figurative];the nouns that enter the structure are mostly related to the domain of science and technology, secondly show referentiality, with the conceptual attributes of time and space, and third show relevance. In addition, the frequency of use and stylistic distribution will also affect the acceptability of "cloud ~". The structural meaning of "cloud ~" can be the specific action and behavior or reference related to Internet technology. The motivations that drive the creation and development of the structure mainly include the emergence of the "cloud" phenomenon, the role of metaphor, imagination, abstract ability and emotional factors.