“沪农灵芝1号”代料栽培培养基配方优化研究

Optimization of Medium Formula for Substitute Cultivation of‘Hunong Ganoderma lucidum No. 1’

以尿素添加、无机盐为关键考察因素,采用响应面试验设计优化“沪农灵芝1号”原种、栽培种培养基配方;合理控制温度、湿度、光照、通风等条件进行“沪农灵芝1号”代料栽培大田试验,检测子实体、孢子粉的多糖和三萜含量。通过培养料优化处理,当菌棒装袋量1.5 kg、尿素添加0.84%、钙盐添加2.10%、镁盐添加0.06%时,代料栽培孢子粉平均棒产35.6 g,产粉率101%,代料子实体与孢子粉产量均高于椴木栽培;无论是子实体还是孢子粉,2种栽培模式下的多糖与三萜含量均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。灵芝椴木栽培因环境保护压力不可持续,发展代料灵芝栽培,可实现经济与环境效益双赢。

Taking urea addition and inorganic salt as the key factors, the medium formula of mother spawn and spawn of‘Hunong Ganoderma lucidum No.1’were optimized by response surface experimental design. The field experiments of substitute cultivation of ‘Hunong Ganoderma lucidum No.1’were carried out under the conditions of reasonable control of temperature, humidity, light and ventilation. The contents of polysaccharides and triterpenes in fruit body and spore powder were detected. Through the optimized treatment of substrate, when the packing quantity of artificial bed-log was 1.5 kg, the urea addition was 0.84%, the addition of calcium salt was 2.10%, and the addition of magnesium salt was 0.06%, the average stick yield of spore powder was 35.6 g, which meant the ratio of powder yield was 101%. The yields of fruit body and spore powder in substitute cultivation were higher than that in cut-log cultivation, and there were no significant differences in the contents of polysaccharide and triterpene between the two cultivation modes(P>0.05). Due to the pressure of environmental protection, the cat-log cultivation of G. lucidum is unsustainable and the development of substitute cultivation of G. lucidum can achieve winwin on economic and environmental benefits.