基于AHP和正态分布的高程爆破振动评价与预测

Evaluation and prediction of elevation blasting vibration based on AHP and normal distribution

为了研究高程差在爆破振动速度传播中的影响权重和提高控制爆破振动强度的可靠度,采用层次分析法分析高程差对爆破振动速度传播的影响权重;根据现场实测数据,进行多元回归拟合,得出经验公式中K、α、β值;结合正态分布对露天台阶爆破临近建筑物进行爆破振动评价和安全药量预测。结果表明:高程差对爆破振动速度传播的影响权重为18.39%;便可正态分布对爆心距为90 m、高程差为5 m的临近建筑物进行安全药量预测,其结果相比于经验公式,单段安全炸药量减少了21.32 kg,且建筑物得到保护的概率增加了约45%。所以,在非平坦环境下对爆破振动速度评价和预测时应考虑高程差的影响,且应用正态分布对爆破振动进行评估的结果比量纲分析方法推导出的经验公式更加可靠。

In order to study the influence weight of elevation difference in blasting vibration velocity and improve the reliability of blasting vibration control,the analytic hierarchy process was used to analyze the influence weight of elevation difference on blasting vibration velocity.According to the field measured data,multiple regression fitting was carried out to obtain the values of K,α and β in the empirical formula.Combined with the normal distribution,the blasting vibration of buildings adjacent to the open bench blasting was evaluated and the safety charge was predicted.The results show that the influence weight of the elevation difference on the blasting vibration velocity is 18.39%.The normal distribution predicts the safety charge of nearby buildings with a blasting center distance of 90 m and an elevation difference of 5 m.Compared with the result of empirical formula,the evaluated safety charge of a single segment is reduced by 21.32 kg,and the probability of building protection has increased by about 45%.Therefore,the influence of elevation difference should be considered in the evaluation and prediction of blasting vibration velocity in a non-flat environment,and the evaluation result of blasting vibration using normal distribution is more reliable than that of the empirical formula derived by the dimensional analysis method.