中国居民数字素养指标体系构建和实证研究

Construction and Empirical Analysis of Digital Literacy Indicator System for Chinese Residents

随着数字经济的持续深入发展,以数字化的知识信息作为关键要素的产品和服务渗透到生活的各个领域,使用数字工具和数字技术成为当代居民进行生产生活必备的能力之一。为此本文从数字能力和数字意识两个方面选取指标,构建了中国居民数字素养综合评价指标体系,并根据中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据进行实证研究。因子分析结果显示,中国居民数字素养可以分为职业知识域、生活应用域、信息域和交流域四个维度,由此测算出居民数字素养的综合得分,并根据得分对数字素养进行区域排名;比较分析结果显示,居民的数字素养得分在城乡类别、性别、学历和年龄四个维度均存在显著的差异;数字素养影响因素实证分析结果表明,城镇居住、学历对数字素养有显著的正向促进作用,年龄对数字素养的影响为倒“U”型,性别对数字素养的影响不显著。

As the digital economy continues to develop deeply,products and services with digital knowledge and information as key elements penetrate into all areas of life,and the use of digital tools and digital technology becomes one of the necessary abilities for contemporary residents to conduct productive life.Therefore,this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system of Chinese residents’ digital literacy by selecting indicators from two aspects:digital competence and digital awareness,and conducts an empirical study based on data from the China Household Tracking Survey(CFPS).The results of factor analysis show that Chinese residents’ digital literacy can be divided into four dimensions:occupational knowledge domain,life application domain,information domain and intersection domain;and regional rankings are made based on the measured digital literacy scores.The results of the comparative analysis show that there are significant differences in the digital literacy scores of residents in four aspects:urban and rural categories,gender,education and age.The results of the regression estimation of the factors influencing digital literacy show that urban residence and education level have a significant positive effect on digital literacy,while the effect of age on digital literacy is inverted U and the effect of gender on digital literacy is not significant.