护理人员二级心理创伤与人格特质的相关性

Correlation between secondary mental traumatic stress and personality traits of nursing staffs

目的:探讨护理人员二级心理创伤(二级创伤)与人格特质的相关性。方法:采用分层抽样和整群抽样法选取佛山市8所市直医院861名在岗护理人员,采用职业生活质量量表(ProQOL)中二级创伤分量表评定二级创伤水平,采用Rosenberg自尊量表(RSES)、中国大五人格问卷简式版(CBF–PI–B)评估人格特质,采用Pearson相关性分析法分析护理人员二级创伤与人格特质的相关性。结果:男性二级创伤评分低于女性;20~29岁及30~39岁者二级创伤评分低于40~49岁者;未婚者二级创伤评分低于已婚及离婚者;年收入<5万者二级创伤评分低于5万以上者;专科学历者二级创伤评分低于本科以上学历者;初级职称者二级创伤评分低于中级和高级职称者;精神专科及口腔医院护理人员的二级创伤评分低于其他医院护理人员,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);二级创伤评分≤22分者的CBF–PI–B外向性、CBF–PI–B宜人性、CBF–PI–B尽责性、RSES评分均高于>22分者,CBF–PI–B神经质评分低于>22分者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson偏相关性分析结果显示,二级创伤评分与CBF–PI–B神经质评分呈正相关(r>0,P<0.05),与RSES评分呈负相关(r<0,P<0.05)。结论:神经质特质护理人员易发生二级创伤,自尊较强护理人员不易发生二级创伤。

Objective: To explore correlation between secondary traumatic stress and personality traits of nursing staffs. Methods: 861nursing staffs of 8 municipal hospitals in Foshan were selected by stratified and cluster sampling. The secondary traumatic stress levels were assessed by professional quality of occupational life Scale(ProQOL). The personality traits were evaluated by Rosenberg self-esteem scale(RSES), Chinese big five personality inventory brief version(CBF–PI–B). The correlation between the secondary traumatic stress and the personality traits of the nursing staffs were explored by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: Men had lower secondary trauma scores than women. The secondary trauma stress scores of 20-29 and 30-39 years old were lower than those of 40-49 years old. Unmarried people had lower trauma stress scores than married and divorced people. Those with an annual income of less than 50,000 had a secondary trauma score lower than those with an annual income of 50,000 or more. The secondary trauma stress scores of those with college degree were lower than those with bachelor degree or above. The secondary trauma stress scores of those with primary title were lower than those with intermediate and senior titles. The secondary trauma stress scores of the psychiatric and dental hospital nursing staffs were lower than the nursing staffs of other hospitals. All the above differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The scores of CBF-PI-B extroversion, CBF-PI-B agreeableness, CBF-PI-B conscientiousness, and the RSES scores of those with the secondary trauma stress score of ≤22 were higher than those of those with the secondary trauma score of >22;the CBF-PI-B neuroticism scores were lower than those with the secondary trauma score of >22;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). The Pearson partial correlation analysis showed that the secondary trauma score was positively correlated with the CBF-PI-B neuroticism score(r>0, P<0.05), and negatively correlated with the RSES score(r<0, P<0.05). Conclusions: The neuroticism nurses are prone to have secondary trauma stress, while those with strong self-esteem have less secondary trauma stress.