新媒体对少年儿童政治社会化启蒙的影响探讨

A Study on the Impact of New Media on the Enlightenment for Children’s Political Socialization

个体的政治社会化是个体从自然人转变为社会人进而成为一个合格公民的必要过程与内容。少年儿童处于政治社会化启蒙时期,也是为进一步的政治社会化奠定基础的时期。新媒体在社会生活中的广泛运用,对少年儿童政治社会化启蒙产生着双重影响。一方面,新媒体丰富了少年儿童政治认知的渠道,促进了少年儿童政治情感的形成,扩大了少年儿童政治参与的途径;另一方面,新媒体可能会加剧少年儿童政治认知的复杂性,增加少年儿童同伴群体正确认同的难度,弱化少年儿童政治教育的成效。因此,在新媒体环境下促进少年儿童政治社会化启蒙,有必要从宏观、中观、微观等三个层面采取措施。宏观层面上要加强党和国家对新媒体的领导与管理,中观层面上要促使教育系统积极创建教育类的新媒体阵地,微观层面上要在教育活动中加强对新媒体的运用与监督。

The political socialization is inevitably intertwined with an individual’s transition from a physical person to a social being and eventually to a qualified citizen,thus constituting a crucial component of this transition.The enlightenment of the political socialization for the children also lays the foundation for the further progress of their political socialization.However,the utilization of the new media exerts a double impact in this regard.On the one hand,the new media expand the channels of children’s political cognition,promote the formation of their political sentiments,and motivate their political participation.On the other hand,the new media may intensify the complexity of the children’s political cognition,increase the challenges for them to rationally identify their peer group,and weaken the efficiency of the political education.Therefore,in this case,it is imperative to advance the enlightenment of the political socialization for the children in terms of three levels.At the macro level,great importance should be attached to the leading role of the Communist Party of China and the country in the management of the new media.At the meso-level,educational administrative organizations are encouraged to establish educational platforms for the new media.At the micro level,the application and supervision on the new media are required to be highlighted in the educational activities.