基本心理需要对员工创造性绩效和心理健康的影响:引入心理需要被阻碍视角的潜在剖面分析

The Impact of Basic Psychological Needs on Employees’Creative Performance and Mental Health:A Latent Profile Analysis from the Perspective of Thwarted Psychological Need

基于自我决定理论框架的研究者最近提出需要满足与需要阻碍同时存在于个体之中,心理需要满足的缺乏不等同于心理需要被阻碍,心理需要被阻碍可以更好地预测绩效下降和不健康的心理。本研究引入以人为中心的方法——潜在剖面分析方法,帮助理解心理需要满足与心理需要被阻碍在同一个体内部不同程度的组合所产生的影响。研究结果发现,在我国企业工作场所中存在三种剖面类型的员工,即高需要满足、高需要阻碍和既高满足又高阻碍。其中,高需要满足的群体创造性绩效和心理健康水平较高,高需要阻碍的群体创造性绩效和心理健康水平较低,而双高群体创造性绩效水平较高,心理健康水平较低。最后对一些意外的发现进行了讨论,并阐述了本研究的意义、不足和未来的研究方向。

Researchers based on the framework of self-determination theory have recently proposed that both need satisfaction and need thwarting exist in individuals,that lack of psychological need satisfaction does not mean the same as need being thwarted and that need being thwarted can better predict the decline of performance and unhealthy psychology.Our study introduces a human-centered approach and latent profile analysis method to help understand the combination impact of psychological needs satisfaction and psychological need being thwarted.The results show that there are three types of employees in the workplace of Chinese enterprises,namely,those whose needs are highly satisfied,highly thwarted and both highly satisfied and highly thwarted respectively.Among them,those whose needs are highly satisfied maintain a high level of both creative performance and mental health,those whose needs are highly thwarted stay at a low level of both creative performance and mental health and those whose needs are both highly satisfied and highly thwarted have a high-level creative performance but a low-level mental health.Finally,some unexpected findings are discussed,and the significance,limitations and future research directions of this research are expounded.