R&D资金投入强度与高技术产业出口贸易探析

Research on R&D Capital Investment Intensity and Export Trade of High-Tech Industry

产业链升级对应于中国经济发展阶段的更高要求,在全球产业链重塑的背景下,深入探究高技术产业R&D投入与出口贸易的关系,有利于促进产业更好的发展。文章基于中国高技术产业2009—2020年的省际面板数据,以不同来源的R&D资金投入强度对出口贸易的影响为分析对象,对可能产生影响的作用机制及影响方式进行探讨并实证。研究发现:企业自有资金通过研发资金使用的成本优势、效率优势及学习效应的发挥,对产品出口表现出积极的促进作用;政府来源的研发资金在短期内表现为抑制高技术产品出口,而在长期则表现为促进高技术产品出口的影响;国外来源的研发资金主要是以进口加工为主的贸易形式促进高技术产品的出口;其他来源资金则对出口贸易表现出一定程度的抑制作用。最后,根据研究结果以企业自身、金融体系以及对外开放三个视角提出了相应的对策建议。

Industrial chain upgrading has higher requirements for China's economic development stage.Under the background of global industrial chain reconstruction,an in-depth exploration of the relationship between R&D investment and export trade of high-tech industry is conducive to the better development of the industry.Based on the provincial panel data of China's high-tech industry from 2009 to 2019,taking the impact of R&D capital investment intensity from different sources on export trade as the analysis object,this paper discusses and demonstrates the possible impact mechanism and impact mode.It is found that:The enterprise's own funds play a positive role in promoting the export of products through the exertion of the cost advantage,efficiency advantage and learning effect of the use of R&D funds;R&D funds from the government inhibit the export of high-tech products in the short term and promote the export of high-tech products in the long term;R&D funds from foreign sources mainly promote the export of high-tech products in the form of import processing;Other sources of funds show a certain degree of inhibition on export trade.Finally,according to the research results,this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions from the perspectives of enterprise itself,financial system and opening-up policy.