产业专业化集聚、多样化集聚与区域创新效率——基于空间计量模型的实证考察

Industrial Specialization Agglomeration,Diversified Agglomeration and Regional Innovation Efficiency:Empirical Investigation based on Spatial Econometric Model

中国经济高质量发展需要科技创新驱动,合理的产业集聚模式有助于科技创新效率的提升。基于中国30个省级面板数据,应用DEA模型测度了区域创新效率;采用区位熵与赫芬达尔-赫希曼指数方法分别测度了产业专业化集聚与多样化集聚水平;选取空间杜宾模型从全国层面和区域层面分别实证检验了产业集聚对区域创新效率的影响作用。结果表明:区域创新效率存在邻地效应,即本地创新效率会在区域间产生溢出效应;产业专业化集聚能够显著促进区域创新效率的提升,而产业多样化集聚没有显著的促进作用;产业专业化集聚对区域创新效率的直接效应显著为正,而产业多样化集聚对区域创新效率的直接效应和间接效应均不显著;从区域层面来看,产业专业化集聚对中、西部地区的创新效率产生显著的促进作用,产业多样化集聚对东部地区的创新效率产生显著的促进作用。

The high-quality development of China's economy needs to be driven by scientific and technological innovation.A reas-onable industrial agglomeration model will help to improve the efficiency of scientific and technological innovation.Based on the panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China,the DEA model is used to measure the regional innovation efficiency;The location entropy and Herfindahl-Hirschman index are used to measure the level of industrial specialization agglomeration and diversification agglomeration respectively;The spatial Dubin model is selected to empirically test the impact of industrial agglomeration on regional innovation efficiency from the national level and sub-regional level.The results show that:There is a neighbor effect in regional innovation efficiency,that is,local innovation efficiency will produce spillover effect among regions.Industrial specialization agglomeration can significantly promote the improvement of regional innovation efficiency,but industrial diversification agglomeration has no significant role.The direct effect of industrial specialization agglomeration on regional innovation efficiency is significantly positive,while the direct effect and indirect effect of industrial diversification agglomeration on regional innovation efficiency are not significant.At the sub-regional level,industrial specialization agglomeration plays a significant role in promoting the innovation efficiency of the central and western regions,and industrial diversification agglomeration plays a significant role in promoting the innovation efficiency of the eastern region.