围产期丧失妇女社会支持现状及其与悲伤反应的关系研究

Study on the current situation of social support among perinatal loss women and its relationship with grief response

目的探讨围产期丧失妇女社会支持现状及其与悲伤反应的关系。方法采用便利抽样法,选取四川省3所三级甲等医院的256名围产期丧失妇女,采用自行设计的一般资料调查问卷、社会支持评定量表和围产期悲伤量表进行问卷调查。结果256名围产期丧失妇女社会支持呈中等水平,为(41.51±6.33)分,得分低于全国常模(P<0.01),Pearson相关分析表明,围产期丧失妇女悲伤反应与社会支持呈负相关(r=-0.147,P<0.05),多元线性回归分析结果显示年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况、独生子女及有无子女是围产期丧失妇女社会支持的影响因素(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论围产期丧失妇女社会支持相对缺乏,社会支持水平越低,悲伤反应越强烈。医护人员有必要协助围产期丧失妇女构建良好的社会支持网络,提供多样化社会支持来源,引导其正确认识悲伤、承认悲伤并表达悲伤,建构新的人生意义与目标,促进丧失胎儿妇女身心健康发展。

Objective To explore the correlation between social support and grief response among perinatal loss women.Methods A total of 256 perinatal loss women were investigated by using self-designed general information,Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS)and Perinatal Grief Scale(PGS)with convenient sampling method.Results The score of social support in 256 women with perinatal loss was(41.51±6.33),which was in the moderate level and lower than the national normal(P<0.01).Pearson correlation analysis showed that women's grief response was negatively correlated with social support(r=-0.147,P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,education level,occupation,marital status,only child and whether having children were the influencing factors of women's social support(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Conclusion Perinatal loss women are relatively lack of social support.The lower of social support shows stronger of the grief response.Medical staff should help perinatal loss women to build a good social support network,provide diversified sources of social support,guide women to correctly understand grief,admit and express grief,construct new meaning and goal of life to promote the physical and mental health.