“健康中国”视域下以课程为切入点的精准教育模式对全科医学人才培养的效果分析

Analysis of the effect of precise education mode with curriculum as the starting point on general medical talent cultivation from the perspective of Healthy China

目的探索“健康中国”战略下全科医学人才培养的新模式。方法选取牡丹江医学院2010—2015级临床医学专业全科医学方向共393名学生为研究对象,根据培养模式不同分为试验组(精准教学,n=93)和对照组(传统教学,n=300);试验组以“社区预防与保健”课程为切入点,针对全科医学专业学生的临床预防服务能力、社区公共卫生服务能力、临床决策分析能力和实践技能为目标开展精准教育,并对培养效果进行全面评价。结果试验组“社区预防与保健”课程理论考试成绩、实验成绩、平时成绩及总分均优于对照组(P<0.05);学习后两组评判性思维总体水平均有提高(P<0.05),且试验组高于对照组(P<0.05);临床决策能力总分及寻找解决问题的方法、确定解决问题的目标、反复评价实施的效果、再次搜索相关信息四个维度方面比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组的临床综合知识、临床技能操作、病例分析与答辩考核成绩也优于对照组,二者的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以“社区预防与保健”课程为切入点的精准教育模式对全科医学人才培养效果良好,促进了全科医学专业学生执业能力的全面提升。

Objective To explore the new mode of general medical talent cultivation under the strategy of Healthy China.Methods A total of 393 students majoring in General Medicine at Mudanjiang Medical College enrolled in 2010 to 2015 were selected as the objects.According to different training modes,they were divided into the experimental group(with 93 students taught with precise teaching)and the control group(with 300 students taught with traditional teaching).Taking Community Prevention and Health Care as the starting point,the experimental group carried out precise education aiming at general medical students'abilities of clinical prevention and service,public health service in community,clinical decision-making analysis as well as practical skills,and the training effect was comprehensively evaluated.Results The experimental group acquired better scores in terms of theoretical exam,experiment,usual performance as well as total score than the control group in Community Prevention and Health Care(P<0.05).After learning,students'critical thinking abilities in both groups were improved(P<0.05),and the experimental group has higher result than the control group(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the total score of clinical decision-making ability,finding solutions,deter-mining the goal of solving problems,evaluating the implementation effect repeatedly,and searching for relevant information again(P<0.05).The experimental group performed better in terms of clinical comprehensive knowledge,clinical skills operation,case analysis and examination than the control group,and their differences were of statistic significance(P<0.05).Conclusion Precise education mode with Community Prevention and Health Care as the starting point achieves good effect on the cultivation of general medical talents,and promotes the comprehen-sive improvement of general medical students'practice ability.