神经根型颈椎病患者自我管理行为状况及其影响因素

Status of self management behavior and its influencing factors in patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy

目的探讨神经根型颈椎病患者自我管理行为状况,并分析其中影响因素,为临床制定干预措施提供一定依据。方法选取2019年3月—2020年5月郑州市骨科医院收治的105例神经根型颈椎病患者,所有患者均接受自我管理行为评分,并设计一般资料调查表,了解患者基本信息,经单因素和多因素分析了解神经根型颈椎病患者自我管理行为不良的影响因素。结果105例神经根型颈椎病患者中,自我管理行为不良患者13例,占比12.38%;自我管理行为良好患者92例,占比87.62%;自我管理行为不良患者的是否体育锻炼、家庭月收入、自我效能感以及文化程度同自我管理行为良好患者相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Logistic回归分析提示,未进行体育锻炼、家庭月收入<2000元、自我效能感低以及偏低、高中及以下文化程度是神经根型颈椎病患者自我管理行为不良的影响因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论神经根型颈椎病患者的自我管理行为不良和未进行体育锻炼、家庭月收入<2000元、自我效能感低以及偏低、高中及以下文化程度有关,临床可通过督促患者坚持锻炼、提高疾病认知度等方式,提高患者自我管理行为水平。

Objective To investigate the status of self-management behavior in patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy,and to analyze its influencing factors,to provide a certain basis for the formulation of clinical intervention measures.Methods Totally 105 patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy treated in our hospital were selected from March 2019 to May 2020,all patients received self-management behavior score,and the general information questionnaire was designed,the basic information of patients was known,the influencing factors of poor self-management behavior in patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results Among 105 cases of patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy,13 cases had poor self-management behavior,accounting for 12.38%;92 cases had good self-management behavior,accounting for 87.62%;Compared patients with poor self-management behavior in terms of with or without physical exercise,monthly family income,self-efficacy and education level with patients with good self-management behavior,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);Logistic regression analysis showed that no physical exercise,family monthly income<2000 yuan,low self-efficacy,education level in high school and below were the influencing factors of poor self-management behavior in patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy(OR>1,P<0.05).Conclusion The poor self-management behavior of patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy is related to the lack of physical exercise,family monthly income<2000 yuan,relatively low and low self-efficacy,education level in high school and below,the level of self-management behavior of patients can be improved by urging patients to keep exercise and improving their disease awareness.