近代中国权力更替与国家中心力量重塑

Modern China’s Regime Change and the Rebuilding of National Central Power

晚清以降,中国遭遇数千年之大变局,内忧外患纷起,原有秩序难以维持;面对此危机清统治者固守家族集团利益,力智均不足以驾驭全局,德能亦不足以收拢绅民之心,地方势力乃借机滋长,终至辛亥鼎革,民国新立。然新建之民国,起于空地,尚乏基础,因而无法拥有支撑其正常运作的强大力量,遂致民初地方势力进一步坐大,以至纷争不断,各以武力作为解决问题的主要途径。国家政治生活军事化,国家权力地方化,军队为军阀个人所有,此种状态至南京国民政府建立后亦难以消除。究其根本是国家中心政治力量的缺位。近代中国权力更替与国家中心力量重塑的演进历程表明,中共作为国家中心力量的形成和确立,是近代中国历史演进和发展的结果,是中共在血与火的考验中为国家为民族奋斗取得胜利的结果。

Since the late Qing Dynasty,China has experienced great changes unseen in several thousand years,with internal and external troubles rising,and the original order difficult to maintain.In the face of such crises,the Qing rulers stuck to the interests of the royal family group,who had neither strength nor wisdom to control the overall situation and neither virtue nor ability to win support from the gentry and the people.Local powers took the opportunity to grow,and eventually the 1911 Revolution took place,which led to the establishment of the Republic of China.However,the Republic of China started with no foundation and there was no force powerful enough to support its normal operation.As a result,the local powers in the early Republic of China gained strength.Conflicts continued,and each power resorted to force as the main means to solve problems.The country's political life was militarized,national power was localized and armies were privately owned by warlords.Such a situation could not be changed easily even after the establishment of Nanjing Nationalist Government.The fundamental reason is the absence of national central political power.Regime changes and the rebuilding of the national central power in modern China show that the formation and establishment of the CPC as the national central power is the result of the evolution and development of modern Chinese history,and the result of the CPC's victory in the struggle amidst blood and fire for the country and the nation.