二十世纪前期知识人对农村危机的思考与拯救——以“村治派”中的吕振羽为中心

Thinking on and Solution to the Rural Crisis by Intellectuals in the Early 20^(th) Century:Centering on Lyu Zhenyu of the Village Governance School

近代以来的中国社会改革和社会革命都是以实现社会的有效整合为目标的,对于如何解决20世纪之初的农村危机,谋求农业、农村、农民的出路,不同的思想群体有着不同的理论思考和实践方式。吕振羽加入以王鸿一为核心的“村治派”,并担任《村治月刊》主编。受社会情境和个人经历变化的影响,吕振羽从一开始主张实行“三民主义下的乡村自治”,到后来转向以“社会经济发展过程中的阶级斗争”来解决农村危机。吕振羽思想的变化,正反映出20世纪前期左派知识人由“社会改良”向“社会革命”转移的普遍性认识倾向。

Since modern times,all social reforms and revolutions in China have been aimed at achieving effective social integration.Different ideological groups have different theories and practices on how to solve the rural crisis at the beginning of the 20th century and find the way out for agriculture,rural areas and farmers.Lyu Zhenyu joined the Village Governance School with Wang Hongyi as the core,and served as the editor-in-chief of Village Governance Monthly.Influenced by the changes of social situation and personal experience,Lyu Zhenyu advocated"village autonomy guided by the Three People’s Principles"at the beginning,and then turned to"class struggle in the process of social and economic development"to solve rural problems.The changing of Lyu Zhenyu's personal understanding of village governance is a microcosm of leftist intellectuals'thinking on and solution to the rural crisis in the early 20th century.It is also a typical case of why the early CPC members turned from social reform to social revolution in solving rural problems.