基于浮游动物生物完整性指数的太湖流域生态系统评价

Ecosystem assessment of Taihu Lake Basin based on zooplankton index of biological integrity

基于江苏太湖流域43个湖库点位和138个河流点位的浮游动物和水质监测结果,构建浮游动物生物完整性指数(Z-IBI指数)体系,评价太湖流域水生态系统受损程度。选取16个生物指标进行分布范围筛选、判别能力分析和相关性分析,最终获得构成太湖流域平水期Z-IBI指数的指标,并采用比值法统一量纲,分别得到太湖流域河流和湖库的Z-IBI指数。结果表明:构成太湖流域平水期Z-IBI指数的4个指标分别为丰富度指数、桡足类种数、非轮虫类总丰度和前3优势种丰度百分比。评价湖库中,阳澄湖、尚湖和昆承湖生态状况最好,长漾、横山水库、大溪水库和永河水库次之,其余多为一般和差。评价河流中,丹金溧漕河、盐铁塘和娄江生态状况最好,其余多为良和中。太湖流域受到的人为干扰较大,总磷的干扰影响尤为明显。

Based on the monitoring results of zooplankton and water quality at 43 lake-reservoir sites and 138 river sites in the Taihu Lake Basin of Jiangsu province,the zooplankton index of biological integrity(Z-IBI index)system was constructed to evaluate the damage degree to the water ecosystem in the Taihu Lake Basin.16 biological indicators were selected for distribution range screening,discriminant ability analysis and correlation analysis,and finally the indicators constituting the Z-IBI index of the Taihu Lake Basin during the flat water period were obtained.And using the ratio method to unify the dimensions,the Z-IBI indices of the Taihu Lake Basin rivers and lake reservoirs were obtained respectively.Results showed that 4 indicators that constituting the Z-IBI index of the Taihu Lake Basin during the flat water period were richness index,number of copepod species,total abundance of non-rotifers,and abundance percentage of the top three dominant species.The ecological status of Yangcheng Lake,Shanghu Lake and Kuncheng Lake were the best,followed by Changyang,Hengshan,Daxi and Yonghe Reservoirs,and the rest were"average"or"poor".The Taihu Lake Basin was subject to greater human disturbance,especially the disturbance of total phosphorus.