何处是“家” 心安何处——儒家文化振兴中的家国心态

Where is Family?Where to Find Peace of Mind?The Mentality of a National Family in the Revival of Confucian Culture

个体化家庭如何成为儒教伦理得以践行的载体,这一问题将成为以家庭为本位的儒家伦理及其权力秩序不断变迁的基本问题。儒家之“家”在人口流动、土地流转、阶层跨越、多元文明等进程中发生着深刻的结构性变迁,“个体家庭”越来越成为当代中国人的选择。为此,儒家之“家在何处”及个体中国人如何安身立命的问题日益突出。尤其是乡村家族伦理虽经由地方精英等中介呈现一种儒家文化复兴的现状,却不免深陷权力依附及各种利益整合等矛盾之中。重新构建家—国关系及其心态连接的良性机制,促使儒家真正生发符合个体化时代的文明心态与价值规则,不仅关系城乡融合、现代文明构建,也同时关系到儒学进一步发展等重大议题。

The issue of how the individualized family becomes the carrier of the practice of Confucian ethics will become the basic problem of family-based Confucian ethics and its constantly changing order of power.The Confucian“family”(jia家)has undergone profound structural changes in the process of demographic and geographic development,social stratification and a diverse civilization,and with the“individual family”(geti jiating个体家庭)increasingly having become the preferred choice of the Chinese people at present.Therefore,the Confucian issue of“Where is home?”and how individual Chinese people can settle down has become more and more prominent.In particular,although rural family ethics presents a revival of Confucian culture through local elites and other intermediaries,it is inevitably trapped in the contradictions of attachment to power and the integration of various interests.The reconstruction of the benevolent mechanism of the home-and-state relationship and its related mentality and the promotion of real growth of Confucianism that conforms to a civilized mentality and value rules in this individualized era,are not only related to the integration of urban and rural areas and the construction of a modern civilization,but also to the further development of Confucianism and other major issues.