阻燃黄麻纤维/聚酯纤维复合材料的紫外老化性能

Ultraviolet Aging Properties of Flame Retardant Jute Fiber/Polyester Fiber Composites

利用聚酯纤维的皮芯结构实现黏接制备了黄麻纤维/聚酯纤维复合材料,通过磷系复配阻燃剂对黄麻纤维/聚酯纤维进行阻燃处理,应用紫外光辐照对复合材料进行加速老化,表征了复合材料老化过程中的力学性能及微观形貌。结果发现,复合材料的拉伸强度和拉伸模量在紫外光照射的前10 d逐渐上升,之后逐渐下降;阻燃黄麻纤维/聚酯纤维复合无纺布的拉伸强度和拉伸模量比未阻燃处理的复合无纺布的更高,但紫外照射10 d后,阻燃复合无纺布的力学性能下降速度比未阻燃的复合无纺布更快。微观形貌结果显示,老化过程中,黄麻纤维结构逐渐变得疏松、产生了横向裂纹;聚酯纤维出现大量横向裂纹。阻燃处理加速了黄麻纤维/聚酯纤维复合材料的老化。

A jute fiber/polyester fiber composite material was prepared by using sheath-core structural polyester fiber as binder.The jute fiber/polyester fiber composite material was treated with a phosphorus-based compound to achieve flame retardant.The flame retardant jute fiber/polyester fiber composite material was accelerated aging by ultraviolet,and its mechanical properties and microscopic morphologies of the composite during the aging process were observed.Results show that the tensile strength and tensile modulus of the composite gradually increase in the first 10 d with ultraviolet irradiation,and then gradually decrease.The initial tensile strength and tensile modulus of the flame retardant jute fiber/polyester fiber composite are higher than those of the original jute fiber/polyester fiber composite.After 10 d of UV irradiation,the mechanical properties of the flame retardant jute fiber/polyester fiber composite decrease faster than the original jute fiber/polyester fiber composite.Microscopic morphologies results show that the jute fiber structure gradually becomes loose and produces transverse cracks during the aging process.Moreover,a large number of transverse cracks appear in the polyester fibers.The flame retardant treatment accelerates the aging of the jute fiber/polyester fiber composite.