羊肚菌人工栽培过程中外援氮素营养的运输机制

Transport Mechanism of Exogenous Nitrogen Nutrition in Artificial Cultivation of Morchella spp.

采用同位素示踪技术研究六妹羊肚菌(Morchella sextelata)人工栽培过程中外援氮素营养的运输机制。结果表明:营养袋内的外援氮素营养被土壤中的菌丝吸收后运输到羊肚菌子实体中供子实体生长发育,在本实验条件下,营养袋从开始摆放至第30天,袋内的氮素营养可运输到子实体中,而在营养袋摆放的第40~60天,袋内的氮素营养不能运输到子实体中;营养袋的氮素营养通过土壤中菌丝网络能够运输至距离其0~30 cm的子实体中。本研究首次报道羊肚菌人工栽培过程中外援氮素营养的运输机制,明确营养袋内氮素营养的有效作用时间及距离,为营养袋的摆放时间、摆放间隔及栽培后期是否可以撤出营养袋提供参考。

The isotope tracer^(15)N-ammonium nitrate was used to study the transport mechanism of exogenous nitrogen nutrition in artificial cultivation of Morchella sextelata.The results showed that exogenous nitrogen was absorbed and then transported to morel fruiting bodies through mycelium network in the soil to support growth and development.^(15)N was detected in fruiting bodies 30 d after supplement of a nutrient bag injected with^(15)N-ammonium nitrate.On the other hand,no nitrogen nutrient in the nutrient bag was transported to fruiting bodies from 40 d to 60 d.Regarding the distance of nitrogen nutrient delivery,^(15)N was detected in fruiting bodies within 30 cm of the nutrient bag.For the first time,the transport mechanism of exogenous nitrogen nutrition in artificial cultivation of Morchella spp.was reported,i.e.the effective action time and distance of exogenous nitrogen nutrient were clarified.These results provided a theoretical basis for the timing and spacing of external nutrient bag placement and subsequent removal of external nutrient bags.