余姚市新农村文化广场绿地树木多样性研究

Tree Diversity in Green Space of the Cultural Square in New Socialist Countryside in Yuyao City

【目的】研究余姚市30个新农村文化广场绿地的树种构成及其多样性,为该地区及地区新农村绿化建设规划提供科学参考。【方法】利用群落学调查方法,分析调查样地内的树种组成、优势树种重要值、物种多样性及树木胸径结构特征。【结果】样地内共有木本植物41科55属64种,其中以蔷薇科的种类最丰富,其次为冬青科、木犀科和芸香科等;但仅含1属1种的科占多数。各样地中,乔木以香樟的重要值最突出(28.08%),其次为桂花(9.58%)、银杏(6.60%)和女贞(4.72%)等;灌木以石楠(31.80%)、檵木(12.90%)和杜鹃(8.38%)等占有较大优势。各样地的树木多样性普遍偏低,相公潭村的树木多样性优于其他样地。本区域文化广场绿化树木的选用多以中、低龄乔木为主,径级结构多呈正金字塔形。【结论】提升树种多样性、优化树种组成结构和增加乡土树种占比是本区域新农村绿化建设需关注的重点问题。

[Purpose]Tree composition and diversity were studied in 30 green spaces of the cultural square in new socialist countryside(NSC),and the results should provide a scientific reference for the planning of NSC in Yuyao City as well as Zhejiang Province.[Method]Based on the study methods of phytosociology,tree species composition,importance value of dominant species,species diversity and construction of diameter at breast height(DBH)were analysed in various NSCs.[Results]There were 64 woody plants belonging to 55 genera and 41 families in the surveyed plots,among which the most abundant species were Rosaceae,followed by Aquifoliaceae,Oleaceae and Rutaceae.However,most of the families contained only one genus and one species.Cinnamomum camphora was listed in the top of importance value of arbor with 28.08%,followed by Osmanthus fragrans(9.58%),Ginkgo biloba(6.60%)and Ligustrum lucidum(4.72%).The shrubs were dominated by Photinia serratifolia(31.80%),Loropetalum chinense(12.90%)and Rhododendron simsii(8.38%).Generally,tree diversity in each surveyed plot was low,but Xianggongtan Village was better than others.The trees planted in the cultural square of NSC were young or slight adult individu-als,which reflected in the DBH class with a shape of pyramid.[Conclusion]The key issues that the management department of Yuyao City need to focus on in the cultural square of NSC are improv-ing tree diversity,optimizing the tree composition,and increasing the proportion of native tree in future.