西安市外来物种尖膀胱螺的生物入侵现状研究

Research on Biological Invasion Status of Alien Species Physa acuta in Xi′an City

尖膀胱螺是一种重要的医学贝类。为了解西安市尖膀胱螺的生物入侵现状,对西安市6条重要河流的尖膀胱螺进行了形态学和分子生物学鉴定。调查得到螺壳长度(10.83±3.26)mm且呈左旋的尖膀胱螺,以cox1为分子标记进行扩增,测序结果与GenBank中发布的尖膀胱螺cox1基因相似度为99.45%~99.63%,覆盖率为100%。基于cox1测序数据利用最大似然法构建进化树,受试样品与欧洲及南、北美洲来源的尖膀胱螺聚类在一起。研究表明,所调查河流均有尖膀胱螺分布,提示西安市外来物种尖膀胱螺的入侵情况较严峻,应加强监测。

Physa acuta is an important medical mollusca.In order to explore the biological invasion status of Physa acuta in Xi′an City,morphological and molecular biological identification of Physa acuta collected from six important rivers in Xi′an City were carried out.A kind of sinistral Physa acuta with shell length of(10.83±3.26)mm was found in this investigation.The molecular marker cox1 fragment was amplified.These sequences were 99.45%-99.63%similar to Physa acuta cox1 sequences published in GenBank,and the coverage rate was 100%.Then evolutionary tree based on cox1 sequences was built by using the maximum likelihood method and all samples were clustered together with strains of Europe and America.The results showed that six rivers had the distribution of Physa acuta,which suggested that the biological invasion status of this alien species was rather serious and should be paid more attention to.