circRNA在肝细胞癌发生发展中的作用及机制

Mechanism and Role of circRNA in Occurrence and Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

肝细胞癌(HCC)是原发性肝癌最常见的病理类型,病死率高。HCC发病机制复杂,具体发生发展机制仍处于探索阶段。circRNA是一种特殊的内源性非编码RNA,主要在转录和转录后水平上参与基因表达调控,通过调控基因转录,充当miRNA的分子海绵,参与蛋白质翻译,与结合蛋白RBP相互作用等方式发挥生物学功能。circRNA参与HCC的发生发展,在HCC细胞中的异常表达与HCC组织的病理特征相关,调控下游靶基因、miRNA和蛋白质的表达,参与HCC细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭和凋亡,调控肿瘤微环境和信号通路等,提示circRNA可能是HCC诊断和预后潜在的新型生物标志物和治疗靶点。本文就近年来circRNA的生物学机制及其在HCC中发挥的作用、诊治研究进展等进行综述。

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common pathological type of primary liver cancer,with high fatality rate.The pathogenesis of HCC is complex,and the specific occurrence and development mechanism is still in the exploratory stage.CircRNA is a special endogenous noncoding RNA and mainly participates in the regulation of gene expression at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels.By regulating gene transcription,it acts as a molecular sponge of miRNA,participates in protein translation,and interacts with RNA binding protein(RBP).CircRNA is involved in the occurrence and development of HCC.Its abnormal expression in HCC cells is related to the pathological characteristics of HCC tissue,regulates the expression of downstream target genes,miRNA and proteins,participates in the proliferation,migration,invasion and apoptosis of HCC cells,and regulates tumor microenvironment and signal pathways,suggesting that circRNA may be a potential novel biomarker and therapeutic target for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.This paper reviews the biological mechanism of circRNA,its role in HCC,and research progress in diagnosis and treatment.